I hold a Doctorate in Business Administration (DBA), a Master's in Renewable Energy, and a Bachelor's in Electrical Engineering. I have 19 years of experience in renewable energy, specifically solar energy. I've designed several utility-scale and rooftop solar projects. My passion is providing my research and initiatives into software, books, and papers. I currently have more than 35 papers and 7 books published in the electrical and renewable energy industries, and I have produced 4 unique software in my disciplines. My work and activities may be seen on my website, . My research interests include artificial intelligence, renewable energy, software development, and lightning and grounding.
I am a pragmatic, highly innovative, creative, and honest individual who works well with others to complete a task on time. International experience directing teams and coordinating the development, funding, and implementation of solar projects (utility-scale and rooftop)
EDUCATION
Doctor of Business Adminsrator (DBA)
Master of renewable energy
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Software, Artificial Intelligence
FUTURE PROJECTS
Carbon Trading system Platform
Applications Invited
17
Scopus Publications
470
Scholar Citations
12
Scholar h-index
15
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Design, Implementation, and Empirical Validation of an IEC 62305Compliant Lightning Protection System for Enhancing Infrastructure Resilience and Energy System Reliability Mohammad Parhamfar, Ebrahim Aslani, Milad Taheri Advances in Engineering and Intelligence Systems, 2026 This research presents a comprehensive and detailed study of the design, implementation, and experimental validation of a Lightning Protection System (LPS) for a multi-story commercial building in Isfahan, Iran, in full compliance with the international standard IEC 62305. The study bridges practical engineering execution, covering all stages from the initial risk assessment to system commissioning and verification. Using advanced software tools based on IEC 62305-2, the authors conducted a formal risk analysis that identified the need for a Class IV LPS and Class III–IV Surge Protective Devices (SPDs). The LPS was designed as a passive protection scheme consisting of Franklin-type air terminals, multiple down conductors, and a comprehensive grounding system with equipotential bonding throughout the structure. The installation phase involved the application of different electrode configurations, including conventional ground rods, parallel rods, and the use of the building’s steel foundation as part of the grounding network. Post-installation validation employed standard testing methods, including the two-point dead-earth method and the 62 percent fall-of-potential method in accordance with IEEE 81 and BS 7430, to measure grounding resistance. Equipotential bonding continuity was verified using a calibrated METREL MI3250 instrument with 10 A current injection. The measurements revealed significant variations in resistance, ranging from more than 21 ohms for non-optimized single electrodes to 1.29 ohms when utilizing the tower foundation, demonstrating the critical impact of electrode integration and soil conditions. Equipotential bonding achieved milliohm-level continuity throughout the structure, confirming electrical integrity. This work provides not only an engineering blueprint but also a rare real-world validation of IEC 62305 implementation. By presenting field data applicable to simulation models, regulatory compliance, and future LPS design, the study fills an important gap in the technical literature and contributes to enhanced safety in energy-sensitive environments.
Towards hybrid grid-connected solar power plants: A case study of IAUN Science and Technology Park in Iran Soroush Ghasemi, Iman Sadeghkhani, Mohammad Parhamfar Solar Compass, 2026 The growing global demand for electricity has intensified the need for efficient and sustainable energy production. While a variety of technologies — ranging from fossil fuels to hydropower, nuclear, and renewables — are utilized for electricity generation, fossil fuel power plants remain predominant. However, the environmental consequences of fossil fuel use, including pollution and global warming, as well as the finite nature of these resources, present significant challenges. In response, there has been a growing focus on alternative energy sources, particularly renewable technologies. Among these, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems have garnered increasing attention due to their availability, low installation and maintenance costs, and low environmental impact. Iran, facing high establishment costs for other types of power plants, is turning to solar energy as a key solution. This article evaluates the feasibility of installing a 100 kW PV power plant at the Science and Technology Park of Islamic Azad University of Najafabad (IAUN) in Iran. The system incorporates both rooftop and floating PV installations. Technical analysis is conducted using PVsyst software, while economic and environmental assessments are carried out with RETScreen software. The results indicate a payback period of 3.4 years, with the system expected to mitigate 109 tons of CO 2 emissions annually. • Techno-economic and environmental assessment of a hybrid land-floating PV system. • Floating PV shows lower thermal and soiling losses compared to rooftop modules. • Integrated modeling includes LID and long-term degradation effects. • Hybrid PV system achieves a 3.4-year payback with notable CO 2 emission reduction.
Optimized grounding design for 220/110 kV substations using CYMGRD: A simulation-based approach for safe and cost-efficient energy infrastructure Mohammad Parhamfar, Aykut Fatih Güven, Mohit Bajaj, Mebratu Sintie Geremew Energy Exploration and Exploitation, 2026 Grounding systems play a very important role in ensuring the safety of individuals and equipment against electric shock hazards, and they contribute to the performance of equipment and protection systems during fault occurrences in high-voltage substations as well as in distribution systems. In the design of an electrical grounding system, the total ground resistance, the layout of ground rods, and their dimensions must first be determined. Moreover, the grounding system should be designed in accordance with international standards. The authors of this valuable study address the practical problem of designing a 220/110 kV substation grounding grid that is more secure and trustworthy. Employing CYMGRD software aligns with the IEEE 80 standard, considering important subterranean elements such as soil resistivity and seasonal moisture fluctuations. Future studies must, however, look at how it behaves in unforeseen circumstances, such as shifting faults and climate conditions, to completely guarantee its dependability. Ground potential rise is effectively set at 5734.72 V by a modeled grounding scheme with a grid resistance of 0.147 Ω, satisfying safety demands. Step and touch voltages are kept within safe bounds without needless complication by the design's careful coordination of mesh size and ground rod location. The simulation-validated suggested design provides a workable and practical solution for substation grounding. In this article, design solutions for single-phase-to-ground and double-phase-to-ground faults that may occur in a plant and can lead to problems such as increased ground potential and consequently dangerous touch and step voltages, are proposed in compliance with the IEEE 80 standard. These solutions aim to correct the grounding network and are structured in such a way that the layout of ground rods is optimized to keep touch and step voltages within permissible limits, thereby increasing the reliability of the grounding network.
Towards the Applications of Blockchain in Distribution Networks: A Brief Review Mohammad Parhamfar, Shaghayegh Shojaei, Alireza Hajarkesht, Anna Pinnarelli, Alireza Soleimani Energy Systems Research, 2025 Modern energy systems are undergoing rapid changes, primarily driven by the rise of distributed energy resources (DERs) and microgrids, which enable decentralized power generation. Sophisticated management systems must be implemented as this transformation attempts to deliver safe, dependable, and efficient energy distribution. Blockchain technology offers a practical solution by enabling decentralized, transparent, and secure energy transfers. Because data cannot be altered or removed once entered into the blockchain, blockchain ensures transparency and confidence in energy exchanges through irreversible transactions. This study investigates the integration of blockchain technology into distribution networks, focusing on its application in peer-to-peer energy trading, microgrid management, and virtual power plants. An in-depth examination of blockchain applications in global marketplaces highlights important companies, regulatory environments, and technological advancements. As demonstrated in the study, energy management based on blockchain technology can optimize energy distribution, guarantee transparent financial transactions, and improve grid stability. To achieve its full potential, blockchain must address problems with scalability, regulatory compliance, and interoperability. This study also investigates how blockchain technology can be smoothly incorporated into distributed energy networks to enhance security, efficiency, and decentralization while resolving significant transaction processing and energy management challenges.
Decentralized energy solutions: The impact of smart grid-enabled EV charging stations Alireza Zabihi, Mohammad Parhamfar Heliyon, 2025 Electric vehicle (EVs) and charging stations (CSs) are increasingly embraced by a growing population in various regions as a means to safeguard the environment and combat climate change. The integration of blockchain technology into electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) within smart grids highlights the potential for creating decentralized networks. Furthermore, this study explores various facets such as recent technologies. There is a rising demand for more effective and safe charging facilities as EV use increases. By facilitating transparent, secure, and P2P energy transfers, the blockchain offers a revolutionary solution that could significantly reduce dependency on centralized utilities. The paper summarizes the current status of blockchain technology regarding EV charging, examines its advantages and disadvantages, and suggests potential avenues for further study and development. Moreover, this article describes types of EVs, EVCSs, technologies applied in EVCSs within smart grids, and other important aspects, such as placement, demand side management (DSM), battery technologies. This review work focuses on how blockchain technology could support decentralized charging networks, enabling EV owners to participate in energy-related trading, resell excess electricity to the grid, and enhance the reliability of the system. Global objectives for energy transition and decarbonization could be achieved by more robust, efficient, and sustainable smart grids developed through this decentralized approach.
Comprehensive design of a 100-kilowatt solar power plant with bifacial technology in PVsyst for Arak, Iran Mohammad Parhamfar, Alireza Zabihi Solar Energy Advances, 2025 • Comprehensive design for rooftop project and overcome the challenges. • Solar designing and using ETAP, RETSCREEN, VOLTA, PVLPS and PVSYST software and tools. • Lightning and grounding in solar projects and checking shadows. • Financial assessment for the project. Modeling a PV power plant using PVsyst software requires careful attention in selecting and adjusting the bi-facial factor as it can significantly impact the performance of the modeled system or power plant. In designing solar power plants, we must consider important details. This article explores the design of a 100-kW rooftop solar power plant, addressing challenges and selecting the best design, particularly focusing on the impact of bi-facial coefficients. One of the challenges is accurately assessing the amount of radiation received from the rear of the panels and optimizing the row spacing to prevent shading. Another challenge is determining the effective installation angles and the height of the panels above the ground to enhance bi-facial efficiency. Neglecting to properly configure this factor can lead to incorrect energy yield estimates and negatively affect the economic analysis of the designed project. The main objective is to create an appropriate design for bi-facial PV systems in PVsyst by considering several obstacles. These challenges include field segment shading, solar energy availability in different months, nearby shading, roof configuration and wiring, cable design, grounding system, protection system calculation, risk assessment, lighting, and installation of lightning rods for shadow measurement. Various software, such as AutoCAD, PVsyst, ETAP, PVLPC, Helioscope and Volta, were utilized in this study. Moreover, the economic analysis in this study is conducted using RETScreen, a widely recognized software tool designed for evaluating the financial viability and performance of renewable energy and energy efficiency projects. This paper is based on a real project implemented in Arak, Iran. Furthermore, this paper explores incorporating climatic and environmental impacts into PVsyst software for accurate power plant performance prediction, providing a practical example for designing a 100-kilowatt plant.
Integration of Carbon Reduction Techniques (CDR) and Emission Trading Mechanisms Among MV-EHs Mohammad Parhamfar, Saeed Khorrami Energy Management Strategies for Multi Vectored Energy Hubs to Achieve Low Carbon Societies, 2025 This study explores the complex relationship between decarburization, carbon trading, and renewable energy, addressing crucial aspects of the global initiative to mitigate climate change. Decarburization, the reduction of carbon emissions, has emerged as a crucial strategy in combating the adverse effects of human-caused greenhouse gases. The paper explores the technological, policy, and economic dimensions of decarbonization, examining the challenges and opportunities associated with transitioning toward a low-carbon future. The analysis extends to the evolving landscape of carbon trading mechanisms, examining how market-based approaches facilitate emissions reduction and promote sustainable practices. Carbon markets, such as cap-and-trade systems and carbon offset initiatives, are assessed for their effectiveness in promoting global cooperation and incentivizing emission reductions across industries. By implementing these strategies, we can transition to a net-zero carbon society. Furthermore, the study investigates the complex connections between decarburization, carbon trading, and renewable energy, examining synergies and potential trade-offs. The analysis highlights the importance of integrated and holistic approaches that utilize the strengths of each component to expedite the global shift to a low-carbon economy. The report looks ahead, outlining possible advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) applications for carbon trading, such as the incorporation of blockchain technology for increased security and transparency. The findings aim to inform policymakers, carbon market participants, and AI developers about the changing landscape of AI in carbon trading. This encourages collaborative efforts to fully harness the potential of AI for sustainable and effective climate change mitigation.
Risk assessment, lightning protection, and earthing system design for photovoltaic power plants: A case study of utility-scale solar farm in Iran Mohammad Parhamfar, Reza Naderi, Iman Sadeghkhani Solar Energy Advances, 2025 Photovoltaic (PV) systems play a pivotal role in addressing the growing global demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources, offering a crucial solution to mitigate climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Due to outdoor installation, PV systems are vulnerable to lightning strikes, which can cause significant damage to the electrical system and pose a safety hazard. Therefore, effective lightning protection measures including the use of surge protective devices, lightning rods, earthing systems, and shielding techniques are crucial to ensure the reliable and safe operation of PV systems. However, the design and implementation of lightning protection system (LPS) continue to be a complex and challenging task for engineers. This paper presents the step-by-step design of an LPS for a large-scale PV power plant located in Iran based on IEC 62305:2010. The procedure includes various aspects of lightning protection including risk assessment, earthing system, and bonding according to the relevant international standards and guidelines. The results show that the non-isolated passive LPS and galvanized earthing system are proper choices for the PV power plant under study. The findings of this paper are of interest to PV system designers, installers, operators, and researchers, as well as to standards organizations, regulatory bodies, and insurance companies involved in the certification and evaluation of PV systems. • It outlines a step-by-step methodology for designing a lightning protection system (LPS) for a 40 MW PV power plant in Iran. • It conducts risk assessments and simulations using IEC 62305-2 standards, PVLPS software, and ETAP software to ensure safe and reliable PV operations. • It identifies the non-isolated passive LPS as the optimal solution, avoiding panel shading and enhancing efficiency. • It shows that increasing ATS height and using metal structures as down conductors minimize material and installation costs.
Next-Gen Energy Solutions: A Brief Study on Boosting Distribution Efficiency with IoE Technology Parhamfar Mohammad, Zabihi Alireza Energy Systems Research, 2024 Integrating Internet of Energy (IoE) technology into distribution systems is a revolutionary strategy to improve energy efficiency. This study investigates the implementation of IoE technology in order to optimize energy management, lower losses, and enhance overall system performance in the distribution system. We look at many approaches to utilizing IoE, such as automated control systems, real-time monitoring, and advanced data analytics. The difficulties of putting these technologies into practice are also explored focusing on interoperability, big data, and data privacy issues. By examining current developments and case examples, we offer valuable perspectives on how to surmount these obstacles and optimize the advantages of IoE in power system. IoE has the ability to completely transform the way energy is distributed by enabling more intelligent, responsive, and effective network performance.
Towards hybrid grid-connected solar power plants: A case study of IAUN Science and Technology Park in Iran MP Soroush Ghasemi , Iman Sadeghkhani Solar Compass 17 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
AI and digitalization in electricity markets with renewables and electric vehicles: A review of price volatility, forecasting, and stability approaches K Basaran, KRMV Chandrakala, GC Lazaroiu, M Parhamfar, M Roscia, ... Energy, 141068 , 2026 2026
Design, Implementation, and Empirical Validation of an IEC 62305- Compliant Lightning Protection System for Enhancing Infrastructure Resilience and Energy System Reliability … ebrahim aslani Mohammad Parhamfar,milad taheri Advances in Engineering and Intelligence Systems 5 (10.22034/aeis.2026 … , 2026 2026
Design, Implementation, and Empirical Validation of an IEC 62305-Compliant Lightning Protection System for Enhancing Infrastructure Resilience and Energy System Reliability MP Parhamfar, E Aslani, M Taheri Advances in Engineering and Intelligence Systems 5 (01), 169-194 , 2026 2026
Optimized grounding design for 220/110 kV substations using CYMGRD: A simulation-based approach for safe and cost-efficient energy infrastructure MSG Mohammad Parhamfar, Aykut Fatih Güven, Mohit Bajaj Energy Exploration & Exploitation , 2026 2026
Integration of Carbon Reduction Techniques (CDR) and Emission Trading Mechanisms Among MV‐EHs: Energy System Modelling with Carbon Reduction Techniques (CDR) , Carbon Taxes … MPS Khorrami 2025
Integration of Carbon Reduction Techniques (CDR) and emission trading mechanism among MV-EHs M Parhamfar management 2, 5.3 , 2025 2025
Towards the Applications of Blockchain in Distribution Networks: A Brief Review AP Mohammad Parhamfar Energy Systems Research journal 8 (2), 14-28 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Decentralized energy solutions: The impact of smart grid-enabled EV charging stations A Zabihi, M Parhamfar Heliyon 11 (13) , 2025 2025 Citations: 31
Bridging Mind and Machine: Enhancing Human Potential Through SelfRegulation and Brain-Computer Interfaces M Parhamfar, M Taheri, Z Bandegani, G Lazrek, H Fares Journal of Computing and Data Technology 1 (02), 77-94 , 2025 2025
Artificial Intelligence in Carbon Trading: Enhancing Market Efficiency and Risk Management M Parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 1 (1), 19-39 , 2025 2025 Citations: 12
AI in Carbon Trading: Enhancing Market Efficiency and Risk Management M Parhamfar researchgate , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Renewable Energy Transition: A Pathway to Energy Security and Global Peace M Parhamfar researchgate , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
The AI Advantage: Powering Your Startup's Future in Iran M Parhamfar researchgate , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Navigating Mid-Career Precariousness: Employment Challenges for Iran's (Ages 34-44)-Revision 2 M Parhamfar US Patent DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.17594.30,403 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
A systematic approach for protective relay coordination and transient stability examination in energy networks with substantial DG penetration M Taheri, M Parhamfar, A Hajarkesht, A Soleimani, AF Güven, ... Journal of Modern Technology 2 (01), 264-282 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
A Novel Software Introduction for Enhanced Low-Voltage Electrical Installation Design in Buildings: VOLTA mohammad Parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 2 (1), 246-253 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Sustainable strategies for energy management in buildings and electric vehicle charging SH Taheri, P Tayebati, M Parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 2 (01), 220-234 , 2025 2025 Citations: 18
Innovations in Energy Trading: AI-Powered Models and Digital Platforms M Parhamfar 2025 Citations: 2
Comprehensive design of a 100-kilowatt solar power plant with bifacial technology in PVsyst for Arak, Iran M Parhamfar, A Zabihi Solar Energy Advances 5, 100092 , 2025 2025 Citations: 19
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Towards the net zero carbon future: A review of blockchain‐enabled peer‐to‐peer carbon trading M Parhamfar, I Sadeghkhani, AM Adeli Energy Science & Engineering 12 (3), 1242-1264 , 2024 2024 Citations: 87
Towards the application of renewable energy technologies in green ports: Technical and economic perspectives AMA Mohammad parhamfar,Iman Sadeghkhani IET Renewable Power Generation , 2023 2023 Citations: 80
EMPOWERING THE GRID: TOWARD THE INTEGRATION OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND RENEWABLE ENERGY IN POWER SYSTEMS MP alireza zabihi International Journal of Energy Security and Sustainable Energy (IJESSE … , 2024 2024 Citations: 44
Decentralized energy solutions: The impact of smart grid-enabled EV charging stations A Zabihi, M Parhamfar Heliyon 11 (13) , 2025 2025 Citations: 31
Increase power output and radiation in photovoltaic systems by installing mirrors A Zabihi, M Parhamfar, SS Duvvuri, M Abtahi Measurement: Sensors 31, 100946 , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Towards green airports: Factors influencing greenhouse gas emissions and sustainability through renewable energy M Parhamfar Next Research 1 (2), 100060 , 2024 2024 Citations: 20
Comprehensive design of a 100-kilowatt solar power plant with bifacial technology in PVsyst for Arak, Iran M Parhamfar, A Zabihi Solar Energy Advances 5, 100092 , 2025 2025 Citations: 19
Sustainable strategies for energy management in buildings and electric vehicle charging SH Taheri, P Tayebati, M Parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 2 (01), 220-234 , 2025 2025 Citations: 18
Strengthening Resilience: A Brief Review of Cybersecurity Challenges in IoT-Driven Smart Grids A Mohammad parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 1 (2), 106-120 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
Lightning Risk Assessment Software Design for Photovoltaic Plants in Accordance with IEC 62305-2 M Parhamfar Energy System Research 5 (2), 21 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
A Light Weight Mobile Net SSD Algorithm based dentification and Detection of Multiple Defects in Ceramic Insulators NB Mohammad Parhamfar,P. Bhavya Sree,K. Balaji Journal of Modern Technology 1 (1), 59~74 , 2024 2024 Citations: 13
Artificial Intelligence in Carbon Trading: Enhancing Market Efficiency and Risk Management M Parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 1 (1), 19-39 , 2025 2025 Citations: 12
Risk assessment, lightning protection, and earthing system design for photovoltaic power plants: A case study of utility-scale solar farm in Iran M Parhamfar, R Naderi, I Sadeghkhani Solar Energy Advances 5, 100098 , 2025 2025 Citations: 11
Frequency and Time Series Analysis of Surge Arrester in Power Distribution Systems A Zabihi, M Parhamfar Advances in Engineering and Intelligence Systems 3 (03), 94-103 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Enhancing Cyber Attack Detection in Microgrids for Resilient Energy Networks AZ Mohamamd Parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 1 (2), 75-86 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Next-Gen Energy Solutions: A Brief Study on Boosting Distribution Efficiency with IoE Technology M Parhamfar, A Zabihi Energy Systems Research 7 (3 (27)), 72-81 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
Feasibility Study and Design of Smart LowEnergy Building Electrical Installations (Case Study: Isfahan University, Virtual Faculty Building) SS Mohammad Parhamfar Energy Systems Research journal 6 (3), 57-74 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
An experience in the design, implementation and testing of concrete encased grounding electrode for a residential building S Shojaeian, M Parhamfar Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied , 2022 2022 Citations: 7
A systematic approach for protective relay coordination and transient stability examination in energy networks with substantial DG penetration M Taheri, M Parhamfar, A Hajarkesht, A Soleimani, AF Güven, ... Journal of Modern Technology 2 (01), 264-282 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
A Novel Software Introduction for Enhanced Low-Voltage Electrical Installation Design in Buildings: VOLTA mohammad Parhamfar Journal of Modern Technology 2 (1), 246-253 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
RESEARCH OUTPUTS (PATENTS, SOFTWARE, PUBLICATIONS, PRODUCTS)
Volta software.
PVLPS software
INDUSTRY EXPERIENCE
18 years expeirnece in indusry in electrical and renewable energy and software development
