Flavio Dutra de Resende

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Animal Science and Zoology, Food Animals, Animal Science and Zoology

Scopus Publications

Productive performance of dairy cows fed millet or corn silage




Replacement Nellore heifers receiving supplementation under different herbage allowance: effects on forage characteristics, performance, physiology, and reproduction
I.M. Ferreira, B.G.C. Homem, K.A. Oliveira, I.A. Cidrini, M.J.I. Abreu, L.H.C. Batista, A.N. Rodrigues, A.C.M. Queiroz, G.H.M. Bisio, L.F. Prados,et al.
Elsevier BV



Impact of 48-h water and feed deprivation and hydroxychloride sources of copper and zinc on the metabolism and performance of grazing Nellore cattle during the dry period
M.J.I. Abreu, I.A. Cidrini, I.M. Ferreira, L.H.C. Batista, G.H.M. Bisio, M.Q.S. França, I.A. Reis, A.N. Rodrigues, A.C.M. Queiroz, J.M.C. Neto,et al.
Elsevier BV



Long-term impacts of 48-h water and feed deprivation on blood and performance responses of grazing Bos indicus Nellore heifers
Mateus J I Abreu, Rodrigo S Marques, Iorrano A Cidrini, Luis H C Batista, Igor M Ferreira, Karla A Oliveira, Vinicius A Cruz, Arnaldo C Limede, Luciana M Sousa, Matheus Q S França,et al.
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Abstract The study investigated the effects of 48-h water and feed deprivation on blood and the performance of grazing Nellore (Bos indicus) heifers. Twenty-four Nellore heifers (initial body weight [BW] = 238 ± 10 kg; age = 16 ± 2 mo), were ranked by initial BW and age and randomly assigned to one of the two treatments: (1) grazing animals with free access to pasture, water, and mineral-mix (CON; n = 12), or (2) the same grazing conditions but deprived of pasture, water, and mineral-mix for 48 h (DPR; n = 12). The paddocks consisted of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, using a continuous and fixed stocking rate. The experiment lasted 225 d, with the first 14 d considered as the adaptation period (days −14 to −1) and the subsequent 211 d as the evaluation period (days 0 to 211). From days 0 to 2, treatments were applied by keeping the DPR heifers in pens and reintegrating them into the experimental area after a 48-h water and feed deprivation. Individual full BW was recorded on days −14, −13, −1, before (day 0) and after (day 2) treatment application, and on days 6, 11, 12, 41, 42, 210, and 211. Blood samples were collected in the morning on days 0, 2, 6, 12, and 211. A treatment effect was detected (P < 0.001) for shrink BW from days 0 to 2, which was greater (P < 0.001) in DPR vs. CON heifers. Subsequently, DPR animals were lighter (P < 0.001) compared with CON heifers by the end of the deprivation period (day 2). From days 4 to 211, DPR was lighter (P < 0.001) compared with CON heifers after treatment application and for the entire experimental period. In the first 10 d after treatment application (days 2 to 12), DPR heifers showed a partial compensatory average daily gain (ADG; P < 0.001) compared with CON heifers, while no significant differences were observed in ADG between the treatments from days 12 to 42 and 42 to 211 (P > 0.420). Overall ADG (days 2 to 211) was greater (P < 0.001) for DPR vs. CON heifers. All serum variables, except AST, were higher (P < 0.001) in DPR than in CON heifers on day 2 after treatment application. Our study demonstrates that grazing Nellore heifers subjected to 48-h water and feed deprivation experienced significant alterations in their blood metabolites and BW immediately after the stressful event. Although the deprived heifers partially compensated for their BW loss in the early days post-deprivation, they remained 12 kg lighter than the non-deprived animals throughout the production cycle.


Effect of Different Herbage Allowances from Mid to Late Gestation on Nellore Cow Performance and Female Offspring Growth until Weaning
Luciana Melo Sousa, William Luiz de Souza, Karla Alves Oliveira, Iorrano Andrade Cidrini, Philipe Moriel, Henrique César Rodrigues Nogueira, Igor Machado Ferreira, Germán Dario Ramirez-Zamudio, Ivanna Moraes de Oliveira, Laura Franco Prados,et al.
MDPI AG
This study evaluated different herbage allowances from mid to late pregnancy on pre- and postpartum physiological responses, milk production, and the performance of Nellore cows and the preweaning growth of their female offspring. Sixty multiparous Nellore cows were blocked by their body weight (BW; 425 ± 36 kg) and body condition score (BCS; 3.67 ± 0.23, scale 1–5) and randomly allocated to twelve pastures. Treatments consisted of two different herbage allowances (HA) during pregnancy: low HA (LHA; 2.80 kg DM/kg of BW) and high HA (HHA; 7.60 kg DM/kg of BW). Both treatment groups were fed 1 g/kg BW of a protein supplement. After calving, all cow–calf pairs were combined in a single group. The effects of maternal treatment × day of the study were detected for herbage mass and allowance, the stocking rate and forage crude protein, and for cow BW, BCS, and carcass measures (p < 0.01). Milk yield corrected to 4% fat, while the levels of fat total solids and cow plasma IGF-1 and urea were different (p ≤ 0.04) between treatments. HHA offspring was heavier (p ≤ 0.05) at 120 days and at weaning. A high herbage allowance can be implemented from mid-gestation until calving to increase cow prepartum performance, post-partum milk yield and composition, and positively modulate female offspring preweaning growth.


Effects of feeding mycotoxin-contaminated diets and the use of an adsorbent on the intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, nitrogen balance and physiological parameters in the blood of Nellore steers
Luis Henrique C. Batista, Gustavo R. Siqueira, Luiz F. Costa e Silva, Anne Koontz, Yury T. Granja-Salcedo, Igor M. Ferreira, Iorrano A. Cidrini, Karla A. Oliveira, Amanda Caroliny M. de Queiroz, Aline N. Rodrigues,et al.
Elsevier BV



Effects of particle size and storage length on the fermentation pattern and ruminal disappearance of rehydrated corn grain silage hammer mill processed
J.R.S. Gervásio, N.C. da Silva, L.F. Prados, M.J.L. Trivelato, J.L.P. Daniel, F.D. Resende, and G.R. Siqueira
Elsevier BV



Performance, Intake, Feed Efficiency, and Carcass Characteristics of Young Nellore Heifers under Different Days on Feed in the Feedlot
Igor Machado Ferreira, Karla Alves Oliveira, Iorrano Andrade Cidrini, Mateus José Inácio de Abreu, Luciana Melo Sousa, Luis Henrique Cursino Batista, Bruno Grossi Costa Homem, Laura Franco Prados, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira, and Flávio Dutra de Resende
MDPI AG
Two studies evaluated the productive characteristics of young Nellore heifers receiving different days on feed (DOF) to determine the biological slaughter endpoint. In Experiment 1 (Exp. 1), fifty-one Nellore heifers [324 ± 19.3 kg of body weight (BW); 16 ± 1 months] were split into three DOF lengths (45, 75, or 105 days), while in Experiment 2 (Exp. 2), thirty-six Nellore heifers (362 ± 25.5 kg of BW; 18 ± 1 months of age) were split into three DOF lengths (45, 90, or 135 days). In both studies, all animals were distributed in complete randomized blocks according to initial BW and stratified via carcass ultrasound. The diet was supplied ad libitum, allowing 3% of refusals. The point at which the animals achieved 25% of ether extract of shrunk body weight (EESBW) was defined as the biological endpoint. Thus, relationships were made between some characteristics obtained in both studies. Positive linear relationships were found between backfat thickness (BFT) vs. EESBW (p < 0.001, r = 0.84) and BFT vs. body weight (p < 0.001, r = 0.77). Our results suggest that the biological slaughter endpoint for young Nellore heifers is 6.97 mm of backfat thickness or 402 kg shrunk body weight, corresponding to around 75 DOF.


The Strategic Use of an Immunomodulatory Feed Additive in Supplements for Grazing Young Nellore Bulls Transported after Weaning: Performance, Physiological, and Stress Parameters
Luis Henrique Curcino Batista, Ivanna Morais Oliveira, Laura Franco Prados, Laylles Costa Araújo, Igor Machado Ferreira, Mateus José Inácio de Abreu, Saulo Teixeira Rodrigues de Almeida, César Aparecido de Araújo Borges, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira, and Flávio Dutra de Resende
MDPI AG
The objective of this study was to evaluate four different feeding strategies using an immunomodulatory feed additive for newly weaned Nellore cattle, before and after road transport, on their physiological parameters and performances during the growing phase of pastures. In total, eighty-four young Nellore bulls (initial BW = 174 ± 11 kg; 7 ± 1 months of age) were blocked by their initial body weights 42 days before road transport (d −42) and randomly assigned to one of the four supplementation strategies. The treatments were: (1) Control (CON): no immunomodulatory feed additive (NUTRA) supplementation; (2) NUTRA pre: the inclusion of NUTRA only in the pre-transport period (d −42 to d 0); (3) NUTRA post: the inclusion of NUTRA for 42 days, only in the post-transport period (d 0 to d 42); and (4) NUTRA growth: the inclusion of NUTRA during the whole experimental period (d −42 to d 210). On d 0, the calves were transported on dirty roads in a commercial livestock trailer for 200 km (8 h). There was no effect of the treatments on the animal performance or the physiological parameters in their plasma. However, there were effects on the day of the blood sampling for all the parameters. The highest concentration of cortisol was observed on d 3 post-transport (129 ng/mL) and this decreased over time (22.4 ng/mL; d 210). On the other hand, their glucose peaked at unloading, with lower concentrations on d 7 and d 14. Their total protein concentrations increased from d 0 to d 7. The immunomodulatory feed additive supplementation at 10 g/100 kg BW/day did not modulate the physiological responses in their plasma and did not influence the performance of the Nellore bulls during the growing phase of their pastures.


Effects of a Blend of Live Yeast and Organic Minerals as an Alternative to Monensin on Intake, Digestibility, Performance and Beef Quality of Nellore Bulls Finished on Pasture with High Concentrate Supplementation
Maxwelder Santos Soares, Luis Henrique Curcino Batista, Ivanna Moraes Oliveira, Hugo Aparecido Silveira Issa, Iorrano Andrade Cidrini, Igor Machado Ferreira, Luiz Fernando Costa e Silva, Anne Koontz, Vaughn Holder, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira,et al.
MDPI AG
Effects of a blend of live yeast and organic minerals as an alternative to monensin and inorganic trace minerals for beef cattle finished on pasture with high concentrate supplementation, on growth performance, intake, digestibility, liver trace mineral and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Forty-eight Nellore bulls were blocked by initial body weight and randomly assigned to one of the two experimental diets. The animals were raised in an experimental pasture divided into 12 paddocks equipped with an electronic system for monitoring individual feeding behavior and feed intake. Treatments were: (1) Monensin (MON), 30 mg/kg supplement dry matter of sodium monensin and trace minerals supplementation from inorganic sources; (2) AdvantageTM (ADV), 1.6 g/kg supplement DM of a blend of live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains) and organic trace minerals. The use of ADV instead of MON led to greater supplement intake and greater intake of dietary components. Bulls fed ADV also had higher digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and non-fiber carbohydrates. Bulls fed MON had a greater number of visits to the feeder, however with a shorter time spent feeding per visit. The use of ADV resulted in higher average daily weight gain, and feed efficiency was similar between treatments. In the carcass, ADV tended toward greater Longissimus muscle area. Liver Zn concentration tended to be lower in the ADV treatment. The use of ADV generated higher meat lightness and redness. In summary, the blend of live yeast and organic minerals can be an alternative to monensin and inorganic sources of trace minerals for beef cattle finished on pasture with high concentrate supplementation, without negative effects on supplement feed efficiency and with benefits to animal growth.


Effect of Post-Ruminal Urea Supply on Growth Performance of Grazing Nellore Young Bulls at Dry Season
Irene Alexandre Reis, Mailza Gonçalves de Souza, Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo, Isabela Pena Carvalho de Carvalho, Marco Aurélio De Felicio Porcionato, Laura Franco Prados, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira, and Flávio Dutra De Resende
MDPI AG
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of post-ruminal urea on performance, nitrogen metabolism and the ruminal environment of Nellore cattle reared on pasture during the dry season. In experiment 1 (Exp. 1), nine ruminal-cannulated Nellore steers, 30 ± 2 months old (651 ± 45 kg body weight (BW)), were allotted to a 3 × 3 Latin triple square. In experiment 2 (Exp. 2), 84 Nellore bulls, 18 ± 3 months old (315 ± 84 kg BW), were distributed in complete randomized blocks, by initial BW. Protein supplements were supplied daily, in the amount of 2 g/kg BW, and consisted of either CONT: protein + conventional urea (50% CP), PRU: protein + post ruminal urea (50% CP) and U + PRU: protein + urea conventional + post-ruminal urea (70% CP). The paddocks were composed of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu grass. In Exp. 1, there was no treatment effect for DM, OM, NDF, forage intake, and CP, but there was a higher intake for PRU (p < 0.005) and a higher digestibility for U+ PRU (p = 0.001). There was no effect on ruminal pH or NH3-N concentration (p ≥ 0.232), but there was an interaction between treatment and time for them (p < 0.039). Furthermore, there was a treatment effect on the total SCFA concentration, with CONT being higher than the others. A difference in the acetate:propionate ratio was found (p < 0.027), with a greater relationship for PRU and U + PRU. A treatment effect (p = 0.049) was found for the propionate proportion, with a higher proportion in the CONT. Nitrogen intake was consequently lower for the CONT and higher urinary excretion for the U + PRU (p = 0.002). Animals supplemented with CONT showed a tendency to have more Bacteria and fewer Archaea (p = 0.086). In Exp. 2, there was a treatment effect for the disappearance rate of the supplement (p < 0.001). Intake was faster for PRU and CONT, but performance was not affected by PRU (p = 0.311). The use of post-ruminal urea alters the microbial population, but does not affect performance. Therefore, supplementation with post-ruminal urea presented similar results compared to conventional urea. Ruminal and blood parameters and animal performance were not influenced by treatments.


Effects of Post-Ruminal Urea Supplementation during the Seasonal Period on Performance and Rumen Microbiome of Rearing Grazing Nellore Cattle
Mailza Gonçalves de Souza, Irene Alexandre Reis, Isabela Pena Carvalho de Carvalho, Marco Aurélio De Felicio Porcionato, Laura Franco Prados, Yury Tatiana Granja-Salcedo, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira, and Flávio Dutra de Resende
MDPI AG
The objective was to evaluate the effects of urea with post-ruminal absorption in the supplementation of growing Nellore cattle reared on pasture during a seasonal period. For the study, two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, rumen and blood parameters were evaluated using eight rumen-cannulated Nellore bulls with initial body weight (BW) of 763 ± 44 kg, distributed in a double Latin square 4 × 4. In experiment 2, 120 Nellore steers with initial BW of 380 ± 35 kg were used for performance evaluation, distributed in a randomized block design (blocking factor or initial BW). The evaluated treatments were 1: (TP-U) (control) = supplement with 24% crude protein (CP) containing urea as a source of non-protein nitrogen (NPN; 3%) and soybean meal, 2: (TP-PRU) = 24% CP supplement containing post-ruminal urea (PRU; 3.6%) and soybean meal; 3: (NPN-U-PRU) = 24% CP supplement containing urea + post-ruminal urea (U = 3% and PRU = 3.9%), without soybean meal; 4: (NPN-PRU) = supplement with 24% CP containing post-ruminal urea (7.5%), without soybean meal. The supplement was offered at 3 g/kg BW per animal, daily, once a day. All animals were kept on Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu pasture. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS PROC MIXED, and the data were evaluated by the following contrasts: C1 = TP-U/TP-PRU vs. NPN-U-PRU/NPN-PRU (Soybean meal replacement by NPN); C2 = TP-U vs. TP-PRU (conventional urea vs. post-immune urea); C3 = NPN-U-PRU vs. NPN-PRU (low and high post-ruminal urea-PRU level). The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and NDF was lower when soybean meal was replaced by non-protein nitrogen, also being different between the levels of post-ruminal urea used in the supplement. Ruminal pH was different when soybean meal was replaced by NPN (p = 0.003). Total concentration of short-chain fatty acids, concentrations of isobutyrate (p = 0.003), valerate (p = 0.001), and isovalerate (p = 0.001) were different, and blood urea was different when soybean meal was replaced by NPN (p = 0.006). Simpson’s diversity index was higher in the rumen of animals supplemented with TP-U than in those supplemented with TP-PRU (p = 0.05). A total of 27 phyla, 234 families, and 488 genera were identified. Nitrospirota and Gemmatimonadota phyla were detected just in the rumen of steers supplemented with TP-PRU. The performance (final BW, weight gain and gain per area) of the animals was different, being higher (p = 0.04) in animals supplemented with soybean meal, compared to NPN. The removal of soybean meal from the supplement and its replacement with either conventional urea plus post-ruminal urea or only post-ruminal urea compromises the performance of the animals. The lower the post-ruminal urea inclusion level, the lower the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and NDF, when compared to animals supplemented with higher levels.


Relationship between different sources of non-protein nitrogen and supplementation times on performance and metabolism of grazing Nellore cattle during the dry season
Verônica A. C. Mota, Laura F. Prados, Keuven S. Nascimento, Rodolfo. M. Fernandes, Luiz F. Costa e Silva, Vaughn B. Holder, James E. Pettigrew, Flávio D. Resende, and Gustavo R. Siqueira
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Effect of supplementation strategies and the use of exogenous xylanase enzyme on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, animal performance, and carcass characteristics of Nellore bulls grazing during dry season
Renan L. Miorin, Luis H.C. Batista, Felipe A. Nascimento, Luiz F. Costa e Silva, Anne Koontz, James E. Pettigrew, Flávio D. Resende, and Gustavo R. Siqueira
Elsevier BV



Effect of tannin extract associated with two levels of non-protein nitrogen in the supplement on performance, ruminal parameters, and microbial diversity of grazing Nellore cattle during the growing phase at dry season
Iorrano A. Cidrini, Yury T. Granja-Salcedo, Laura F. Prados, Luciano T. Kishi, Gustavo R. Siqueira, and Flávio D. Resende
Elsevier BV



Effect of rumen-protected fat on performance, carcass characteristics and beef quality of the progeny from Nellore cows fed by different planes of nutrition during gestation
Germán D. Ramírez-Zamudio, Wendell F.G. da Cruz, Jon P. Schoonmaker, Flavio D. de Resende, Gustavo R. Siqueira, Otavio R. Machado Neto, Tathyane R.S. Gionbelli, Priscilla D. Teixeira, Liziana M. Rodrigues, Mateus P. Gionbelli,et al.
Elsevier BV



A meta-analysis of yeast products for beef cattle under stress conditions: Performance, health and physiological parameters
L.H.C. Batista, I.A. Cidrini, L.F. Prados, A.A.C. Cruz, J.A. Torrecilhas, G.R. Siqueira, and F.D. Resende
Elsevier BV



Effects of protein supplementation on Nellore cows' reproductive performance, growth, myogenesis, lipogenesis and intestine development of the progeny
Liziana Maria Rodrigues, Jon Patrick Schoonmaker, Flavio Dutra Resende, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira, Otavio Rodrigues Machado Neto, Mateus Pies Gionbelli, Tathyane Ramalho Santos Gionbelli, and Marcio Machado Ladeira
CSIRO Publishing
Context It is hypothesised that protein supplementation in pregnant Nellore cows during the dry season would improve reproductive performance in the next breeding season, as well as growth, myogenesis and intramuscular lipogenesis of the progeny until weaning. Aims To evaluate the effect of maternal nutrition on cow reproductive performance, as well as on the growth, myogenesis and lipogenesis of the progeny until weaning. Methods A total of 92 pregnant cows were fed on pasture, and half of the cows were also fed a mineral–protein supplement (36% crude protein) from 124 ± 21 days of pregnancy to calving. Therefore, two treatments were tested: non-supplemented or supplemented cows. Progeny were weighed after birth, 130 days after birth and at weaning. Six newborn calves from each treatment were slaughtered to collect muscle and jejunum samples to analyse histology and gene expression. In addition, Longissimus thoracis muscle biopsies were collected at 11 days after birth and weaning for gene expression analyses. Key results Supplemented cows had greater bodyweight (P = 0.03) and body condition score (P = 0.05) during gestation, and the pregnancy rate in the subsequent breeding season had a tendency (P = 0.10) to be greater. The progeny from supplemented cows had greater bodyweight at birth (P = 0.05). However, no differences (P > 0.05) were found in bodyweight at weaning or in the average daily gain during this period. Non-supplemented calves had greater SLC27A4 (P = 0.04) expression and a tendency for greater expression of SLC5A1 (P = 0.08) in the jejunum. Muscle gene expression data showed that progeny from supplemented cows had greater expression of myogenic (WNT10B), adipogenic (PPARG, ZFP423, CD36) and fibrogenic (TGFβ1) markers at birth and at weaning (P ≤ 0.10). Conclusions In conclusion, protein supplementation of pregnant Nellore cows leads to positive effects for subsequent reproductive performance and for muscle development of their progeny. In addition, the progeny from feed-restricted cows increases prenatal intestinal development for better nutrients absorption under a potentially impaired environmental condition. Implications The use of protein supplementation in pregnant Nellore cows has a positive impact on the production system, increasing productivity in a cow/calf operation.


Replacement of a protein-energy supplement by a same-cost maize-based supplement on performance and product quality of pasture-finished Nellore heifers
Laura Cristina Souza Castro, Wellington da Costa de Campos, Ivanna Moraes de Oliveira, Rodolfo Maciel Fernandes, Matheus Henrique Moretti, Marcella Toledo Piza Roth, Flávio Dutra de Resende, and Gustavo Rezende Siqueira
CSIRO Publishing
Context In the largest beef-producing countries in the world, the slaughter of female cows accounts for ~30–40% of all beef produced. Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate the replacement of a protein–energy supplement (PES) by a same-cost maize-based supplement (MBS) on the performance and final product of Nellore heifers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture during the wet season in Brazil. Methods Ninety-six Nellore heifers of bodyweight (BW) 281 ± 7.55 kg and aged 23 months were used. Six were slaughtered at the start of the experiment. The remaining 90 heifers received one of the following three supplements with their predominantly pasture diet for 133 days: control, mineral salt ad libitum; PES, with protein 250 g/kg dry matter (DM) and total digestible nutrient 600 g/kg DM, offered at 3 g/kg BW.day (as-fed basis); MBS, with crude protein 90 g/kg DM and total digestible nutrient 850 g/kg DM, offered at 7 g/kg BW.day (as-fed basis). The variables were evaluated in a completely randomised block design with 30 heifers per treatment. Key results Average daily gain and final BW were similar (P > 0.05) in PES and MBS treatments, and relative to the control increased (P < 0.01) average daily gain by ~24% and final BW by 7%. Pasture intakes were decreased, with substitution levels of 8.0% for heifers receiving PES and 10.4% for those receiving MBS. Carcass weight (kg/day) and carcass gain (g carcass/kg BW) were greater (P < 0.001) for heifers receiving MBS and PES than for the control group. Backfat depth was greater (P < 0.001) in heifers receiving MBS (7.91 mm) than in those receiving PES (6.25 mm), and the lowest (P < 0.001) measurement was observed in the control group (4.85 mm). Conclusions Maize-based supplement (7 g/kg BW.day) provided the same growth rate as PES (3 g/kg BW.day) but yielded heavier and slightly fatter carcasses of pasture-finished Nellore heifers during the wet season (133 days) with a similar cost, and with more total digestible nutrients than pasture plus mineral salt. Implications Maize-based supplement provided to Nellore heifers on pasture may improve performance despite lower pasture intakes but needs to be evaluated carefully in terms of costs involved.


Relationship between gain rate during the growing phase and forage allowance in the finishing phase in Nellore cattle
Verônica A. C. Mota, Rodolfo M. Fernandes, Laura F. Prados, João A. Alves Neto, Guilherme F. Berti, Flávio D. Resende, and Gustavo R. Siqueira
Springer Science and Business Media LLC



Zinc amino acid complex in association with chromium methionine improves the feed efficiency of finished Nellore cattle in the feedlot
Beatriz L. Vellini, Laura F. Prados, Flávio P. Monção, Alba K. Fireman, Flávio D. Resende, and Gustavo R. Siqueira
Elsevier BV



Calcium salts of fatty acids with varying fatty acid profiles in diets of feedlot-finished Bos indicus bulls: Impacts on intake, digestibility, performance, and carcass and meat characteristics
Felipe A Nascimento, Naiara C Silva, Laura F Prados, Rodrigo D L Pacheco, Bradley J Johnson, Bruno I Cappellozza, Flávio D Resende, and Gustavo R Siqueira
Oxford University Press (OUP)
AbstractWe hypothesized that the inclusion of calcium salts of fatty acid (CSFA) into the diets and the fatty acid (FA) profile of the supplements would impact performance and meat characteristics of Bos indicus bulls. Hence, the objective was to evaluate the effects of CSFA profiles on intake, body weight (BW), carcass, and meat characteristics of feedlot-finished B indicus bulls. Fifty-three Nellore bulls [initial BW 315 ± 5.9 kg and 20 ± 2 mo] were used. At the beginning, 6 bulls were randomly chosen and slaughtered for determination of their BW composition, and the remaining 47 bulls were evaluated during a 140-d experimental period. The bulls were placed in individual pens, blocked according to initial BW and randomly allocated to 1 of the 3 following treatments: (1) control diet containing sugarcane bagasse, ground corn, citrus pulp, peanut meal, and mineral–vitamin mix (CON), (2) CON with the addition of 3.3% of CSFA from soybean oil (CSO), or (3) CON with the addition of a mixture of 3.3% of CSFA from palm, soybean, and cottonseed oils (CPSCO). Diets were offered ad libitum and formulated to be isonitrogenous. Bulls supplemented with CSFA had a greater (P < 0.01) final BW, dry matter intake, average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), and FA intake vs. CON. Among carcass parameters, CSFA-supplemented bulls had greater (P < 0.01) carcass ether extract concentration vs. CON bulls. When the CSFA profile was evaluated (CSO vs. CPSCO), CPSCO bulls had a better (P ≤ 0.03) FE, carcass ADG, and hot carcass weight (HCW) vs. CSO bulls. The FA intakes differed among CSFA treatments, as the total saturated, palmitic, and oleic FA intakes were greater for CPSCO (P < 0.01), whereas lower intakes of total unsaturated and polyunsaturated FA (P < 0.01) were observed for CPSCO vs. CSO. Samples from the Longissimus muscle contained greater palmitoleic (P = 0.01) and reduced linoleic (P = 0.02) FA concentrations in CSFA-supplemented bulls vs. CON bulls. In agreement with the FA intakes, CPSCO-supplemented bulls had a greater (P ≤ 0.05) unsaturated FA concentration vs. CSO in Longissimus muscle. In summary, CSFA supplementation improved the performance of finishing B. indicus bulls vs. CON. Moreover, the inclusion of CSFA from palm, soybean, and cottonseed oil benefited the FE, carcass ADG, and HCW compared with the inclusion of CSFA from soybean oil, demonstrating the potential of specific FA for improving the performance and meat quality of B. indicus bulls.


Fermentative parameters and aerobic stability of orange peel silage with pelleted citrus pulp
Regina Kitagawa Grizotto, Gustavo Rezende Siqueira, Andressa Fernanda Campos, Rodolfo Toga Modesto, and Flávio Dutra de Resende
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of pelleted citrus pulp (PCP) added to orange peel on fermentative parameters and aerobic stability of orange peel silages. The treatments were based on different levels of PCP: 0 (control), 10% PCP, 20% PCP, and 30% PCP calculated according to the weight of orange peel (w/w), with five experimental silos per treatment stored for 60 days. Chemical composition, fermentative parameters, microbial population, and dry matter (DM) losses were performed in silages after opening the [...]


Mycotoxin-contaminated diets and an adsorbent affect the performance of Nellore bulls finished in feedlots
L. Custodio, L.F. Prados, D.N. Figueira, A. Yiannikouris, E.M. Gloria, V.B. Holder, J.E. Pettigrew, E. Santin, F.D. Resende, and G.R. Siqueira
Elsevier BV
Mycotoxins are present in almost all feedstuffs used in animal nutrition but are often ignored in beef cattle systems, even though they can affect animal performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of mycotoxins and a mycotoxin adsorbent (ADS) on performance of Nellore cattle finished in a feedlot. One hundred Nellore cattle (430 ± 13 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors consisted of two diets with either natural contamination (NC) or exogenous contamination (EC) and the presence (1 g/kg of DM; ADS) or absence of a mycotoxin adsorbent. The NC and EC diets had the following contaminations, respectively: 0.00 and 10.0 µg/kg aflatoxins, 5114 and 5754 µg/kg fumonisins, 0.00 and 42.1 µg/kg trichothecenes B, 0.00 and 22.1 µg/kg trichothecenes A and 42.9 and 42.9 µg/kg fusaric acid. At the beginning of the experiment, all animals were weighed, and four randomly selected animals were slaughtered to evaluate the initial carcass weight. After 97 days of treatment, all animals were weighed and slaughtered. There was no interaction among factors for the DM intake (DMI; P = 0.92); however, there was a tendency for the EC diets to decrease the DMI by 650 g/day compared to animals fed NC diets (P = 0.09). There was a trend for interaction among factors (P = 0.08) for the average daily gain (ADG), where the greatest ADG was observed for cattle fed the NC diet (1.77 kg), and the lowest was observed for those fed the EC diet (1.51 kg). The NC + ADS and EC + ADS treatments presented intermediate values for ADG. The animals fed the NC diet had a greater final BW (596 kg) than animals fed the EC treatment (582 kg; P = 0.04). There was a tendency for interaction among factors for carcass gain (P = 0.08). Similarly to ADG, the highest carcass gain was observed for animals fed the NC diet (1.20 kg), and the lowest was observed for those fed the EC diet (1.05 kg). The NC + ADS and EC + ADS treatments presented intermediate values. The natural contamination groups had greater carcass gain than that of the EC groups, and the use of the ADS recovered part of the weight gain in animals fed the EC diet. In conclusion, mycotoxins at the levels evaluated affected the performance of beef cattle, and adsorbents may mitigate their impact.


Do mycotoxin contaminated diets and yeast cell wall adsorbent affect meat quality of Nellore bulls finished in feedlot? - A short communication
L. Custódio, L.F. Prados, I.M. Oliveira, F.D. Resende, J.E. Pettigrew, A. Yiannikouris, and G.R. Siqueira
Elsevier BV