Diplesh Gautam

@bimmpune.edu.in

Assistant Professor
Sri Balaji University Pune

https://researchid.co/dipleshgautam

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Multidisciplinary, Management Science and Operations Research, Mechanical Engineering

Scopus Publications

Scholar Citations

Scholar h-index

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

Experimental studies on dynamic response of piezoelectric based hemispherical resonator gyroscope
Pradnya Chabbi, Diplesh Gautam, Venkatesh Kadbur Prabhakar Rao, and Sujan Yenuganti
Emerald
Purpose This work measures the performance characteristics of a hemispherical resonator gyroscope (HRG) and compares it with a numerical model. Design/methodology/approach This work we explore the optical and piezoelectric measurement methods to determine the resonant frequency of HRG. These experimental results are compared with their numerically obtained values. To explore the performance characteristics, the effect of varying actuation voltages on the sense mode displacement and the piezoelectric sensor output was studied in the absence of input angular rate. The structure was then subjected to range of angular rate signals, at a constant actuation voltage and the corresponding sensor response was analysed. Findings Experimental values of the resonant frequencies in drive and sense modes are found to be within 8% of the numerical results. The sensor output depicts a quadratic dependency on the applied angular rate, which is synchronous with the governing equations of the HRG. The experimental output is within 12% of that obtained numerically. The sensor is found to resolve upto 0.24 rad/s. Originality/value This work presents an in-house developed inexpensive measurement setup for static and dynamic characterization of mesoscale MEMS gyroscopes. The measurement setup can also be modified accordingly for measurement of other MEMS-based devices.

Influence of nanocarrier additives on biomechanical response of a rat skin
Diplesh Gautam, Yashika Tomar, Pradeep Shukla, Vamshi Krishna Rapalli, Venkatesh KP Rao, and Gautam Singhvi
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Skin health monitoring focuses on identifying diseases through the assessment of the mechanical properties of the skin. These properties may degrade with time, which can alter the skin's natural frequencies and the form of the modes associated with those frequencies. Exploring the skin's mechanical properties can enhance our understanding of its dynamics, improving clinical trials and diagnostics. In this work, the dynamics of the skin were measured using a laser-based non-invasive optical sensor experiment. We measured the skin's mechanical properties over time by analyzing its resonant frequencies and mode shapes. A nanocarrier gel and ketoconazole cream were topically applied to keep the skin hydrated and facilitate deeper penetration of the additives in the skin. Time-based research was used to assess the effect of different formulations on skin elasticity. Experimental results for the modulus of elasticity were compared with those obtained using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations. We observed a reduction in frequencies of cream and gel-treated skin by 29.98% and 44.029% respectively compared to normal skin (frequency: 263.3 ± 1.18 Hz and Modulus of elasticity: 7.56 ± 2.60 MPa). A decrease in stiffness (function of frequency) attributed to increased water content, was observed in cream- and nanocarrier gel-treated skin compared to normal skin. Experimental and numerical results are found to be consistent with one another. This optical sensor-based approach has the potential for studying diseased skin mechanics and its response to gel and cream treatments, aiming to reduce skin disorder morbidity and severity.

Mechanical microscopy of cancer cells: TGF-β induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition corresponds to low intracellular viscosity in cancer cells
Diplesh Gautam, Abhilasha Srivastava, Rajdeep Chowdhury, Inamur R. Laskar, Venkatesh K. P. Rao, and Sudeshna Mukherjee
Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
Viscosity is an essential parameter that regulates bio-molecular reaction rates of diffusion-driven cellular processes. Hence, abnormal viscosity levels are often associated with various diseases and malfunctions like cancer. For this reason, monitoring intracellular viscosity becomes vital. While several approaches have been developed for in vitro and in vivo measurement of viscosity, analysis of intracellular viscosity in live cells has not yet been well realized. Our research introduces a novel, natural frequency-based, non-invasive method to determine the intracellular viscosity in cells. This method can not only efficiently analyze the differences in intracellular viscosity post modulation with molecules like PEG or glucose but is sensitive enough to distinguish the difference in intra-cellular viscosity among various cancer cell lines such as Huh-7, MCF-7, and MDAMB-231. Interestingly, TGF-β a cytokine reported to induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), a feature associated with cancer invasiveness resulted in reduced viscosity of cancer cells, as captured through our method. To corroborate our findings with existing methods of analysis, we analyzed intra-cellular viscosity with a previously described viscosity-sensitive molecular rotor-based fluorophore-TPSII. In parity with our position sensing device (PSD)-based approach, an increase in fluorescence intensity was observed with viscosity enhancers, while, TGF-β exposure resulted in its reduction in the cells studied. This is the first study of its kind that attempts to characterize differences in intracellular viscosity using a novel, non-invasive PSD-based method.

Modulating the Mechanical Resonance of Huh-7 Cells Based on Elasticity of Adhesion Proteins
Diplesh Gautam and Venkatesh KP Rao
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
The atomic force microscope (AFM) has been used in cell biology for a decade. AFM is a unique tool for investigating the viscoelastic characteristics of live cells in culture and mapping the spatial distribution of mechanical properties, giving an indirect signal of the underlying cytoskeleton and cell organelles. Although several experimental and numerical studies were conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of the cells. We established the non-invasive Position Sensing Device (PSD) technique to evaluate the resonance behavior of the Huh-7 cells. This technique results in the natural frequency of the cells. Obtained experimental frequencies were compared with the numerical AFM modeling. Most of the numerical analysis were based on the assumed shape and geometry. In this study, we propose a new method for numerical AFM characterization of Huh-7 cells to estimate its mechanical behavior. We capture the actual image and geometry of the trypsinized Huh-7 cells. These real images are then used for numerical modeling. The natural frequency of the cells was evaluated and found to be in the range of 24 kHz. Furthermore, the impact of focal adhesion (FA’s) stiffness on the fundamental frequency of the Huh-7 cells was investigated. There has been a 6.5 times increase in the natural frequency of the Huh-7 cells on increasing the FA’s stiffness from 5 pN/nm to 500 pN/nm. This indicates that the mechanical behavior of FA’s leads to change the resonance behavior of the Huh-7 cell. Hence FA’s are the key element in controlling the dynamics of the cell. These measurements can enhance our understanding of normal and pathological cell mechanics and potentially improve disease etiology, diagnosis, and therapy choices. The proposed technique and numerical approach are further useful in selecting the target therapies parameters (frequency) and evaluating of mechanical properties of the cells.

Thermoatomic analysis of monovacancy defected single-walled boron nitride nanotube under quasi-static strain: Insights from molecular dynamics
Harsh Sharma, Ayush Owhal, Diplesh Gautam, Sharad Shrivastava, Jitendra Singh Rathore, Sachin U. Belgamwar, and Venkatesh K.P. Rao
Elsevier BV

Atomistic analysis of the effect of cholesterol on cancerous membrane protein system: unfolding and associated resistance stresses under strain
Diplesh Gautam, Ayush Owhal, Venkatesh K. P. Rao, and Sachin U. Belgamwar
Informa UK Limited
ABSTRACT The low-cholesterol cancerous environment can affect the biophysical behaviour of transmembrane proteins. It is difficult to experiment and measure the dynamics of membrane protein systems when cholesterol concentration is decreasing. In this work, atomistic approach is adopted to investigate the transmembrane protein behaviour during lipid-bilayer separation under strain at different cholesterol concentrations. Finding shows that the decreasing cholesterol across membrane protein system leads to an increase in area-per-lipid and average tilt angle by 6.4% and 62.6%, respectively with decreased order parameter. This observation indicates that the decreased cholesterol concentration in a cancerous environment hinders the bonding and compactness of membrane protein system. Stretching and unfolding of protein were observed during bilayer separation and the resistance stresses decreased by 68.01% for decreasing cholesterol. The cholesterol molecules observed to be bonded with proteins. The investigation revealed that the cholesterol is an important constituent of membrane that impedes the diffusion and resist the detachment of protein at high concentration. Thereby, the transmembrane proteins can retain end terminals positions across the membrane and resist functional failure. This study showed that decreased cholesterol concentration causes significant changes in the biophysical behaviour of the membrane protein system that could trigger the mechanosensitivity of transmembrane proteins under mechanical perturbation.

Modelling the Effect of Geometry and Loading on Mechanical Response of SARS-CoV-2
Diplesh Gautam, Nizam Ahmed, and Venkatesh KP Rao
Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Atomistic approach to analyse transportation of water nanodroplet through a vibrating nanochannel: scope in bio-NEMS applications
Ayush Owhal, Diplesh Gautam, Sachin U. Belgamwar, and Venkatesh K. P. Rao
Informa UK Limited
ABSTRACT Vibrating nanochannels are gaining interest in the fields of bio nano electromechanical systems (bio-NEMS) owing to their acoustic streaming ability (as a tail of nano-swimmers) and drug transportation mechanism. However, it is challenging to articulate such a mechanism experimentally. In this paper, molecular dynamic simulations are carried out to study the effect of the wall vibrations on the forced transportation of a water nanodroplet through a vibrating nanochannel. Here, the motion of water molecules was governed by modified Lennard–Jones (LJ) potential with an initial hydrophobic solid–liquid interface between the walls of nanochannel and water molecules. The density distribution of water molecules was spread towards the nanochannel walls for high vibration (2 (Å) amplitude and 60 GHz frequencies). The average resistance force increased 95.2% for high configuration wall vibrations, showing an increase of 13.96 pN, compared to 7.15 pN for low configuration wall vibrations (0.5 (Å) amplitude and 15 GHz frequency). This work may have significant implications for the application in the fields such as targeted drug delivery, enhanced oil recovery, nanofluidics and inkjet printing.

Engineering a light-driven cyanine based molecular rotor to enhance the sensitivity towards a viscous medium
Vishal Kachwal, Abhilasha Srivastava, Sumukh Thakar, Maria Zubiria-Ulacia, Diplesh Gautam, Syamantak Majumder, Venkatesh K. P., David Casanova, Rajdeep Chowdhury, Nigam Rath,et al.
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Engineering a photo isomerized cyanine based molecular rotor to enhance the sensitivity towards the viscosity of the medium: an efficient tool for differentiating abnormal cells by restriction of the internal motion.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Femur Bone
Diplesh Gautam and Venkatesh K. P. Rao
Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Experimental and Numerical Studies on Mechanical Resonance of Piezoelectric Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope
Pradnya Chabbi, Diplesh Gautam, and Venkatesh KP Rao
IEEE
The Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope (HRG) is a low-noise, high-performance angular rate sensor, or rotation sensor with a small footprint. A thin, solid-state hemispherical shell is used to fabricate the HRG, which is anchored by a thick stem. In the present study a mesoscale model of HRG was fabricated. The fabricated device is tested using a noncontact approach to measure its natural frequencies and drive and sense directions. Finite element analysis was carried out using commercial software COMSOL multiphysics to validate the experimentally obtained frequencies of the gyroscope. Numerically obtained drive and sense mode frequencies were found to be within 8% of the measured values.

Modelling the Influence of Protein Expression Levels on the Mechanical Properties of Femur Bone

Classification of diaphysis based on the mechanical response of femur bone
Diplesh Gautam and Venkatesh K P Rao
JVE International Ltd.
This work deal with the biomechanical analysis of the Captum Collum Diaphysis (CCD) femur bone. The femur is the largest bone in the upper leg. The angle between femur neck and femur shaft of the femora is a parameter in determining the CCD or FSA angle. 126 ° is the usual angle for a healthy adult and variation in this angle leads to the CCD. This angle in the femur bone helps in determining the knock knee and bow leggedness orthopaedic disease. This angle impacts on the distribution of stress and deflection in the femur bone during the daily activities. Computational Multi-Scale analysis has been done for homogenized properties of femur bone. A Numerical simulation has been made for the biomechanical analysis of CCD femur bone using Finite Element Method. There is significant impact of stress distribution and deflection over the femur bone in case of change in optimum CCD angle (coxa norma) and also leads to change the natural frequency of the bone. Predicted results shows the above mentioned disease behaviour over the healthy bone. The study of these deformity and their results are of clinical importance in musculoseketal behaviour of the human femur bone.

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

A bibliometric exploration of religiosity and purchase intention
SS Rana, A Pingale, D Gautam
Multidisciplinary Reviews 2025

Experimental studies on dynamic response of piezoelectric based hemispherical resonator gyroscope
P Chabbi, D Gautam, VKP Rao, S Yenuganti
Sensor Review 44 (6), 638-645 2024

Influence of nanocarrier additives on biomechanical response of a rat skin
D Gautam, Y Tomar, P Shukla, VK Rapalli, VKP Rao, G Singhvi
IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience 2024

Development of Non-Destructive Dynamic Characterization Technique for MMCs: Predictions of Mechanical Properties for Al@ Al2O3 Composites
AD Pingale, D Gautam, A Owhal, D Deshwal, SU Belgamwar, VKP Rao
NDT 1 (1), 22-34 2023

Mechanical microscopy of cancer cells: TGF-β induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition corresponds to low intracellular viscosity in cancer cells
D Gautam, A Srivastava, R Chowdhury, IR Laskar, VKP Rao, S Mukherjee
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154 (3), 1787-1799 2023

Atomistic analysis of the effect of cholesterol on cancerous membrane protein system: unfolding and associated resistance stresses under strain
D Gautam, A Owhal, VKP Rao, SU Belgamwar
Molecular Simulation 49 (10), 1019-1030 2023

Thermoatomic analysis of monovacancy defected single-walled boron nitride nanotube under quasi-static strain: Insights from molecular dynamics
H Sharma, A Owhal, D Gautam, S Shrivastava, JS Rathore, ...
Materials Chemistry and Physics 294, 127020 2023

Modulating the mechanical resonance of Huh-7 cells based on elasticity of adhesion proteins
D Gautam, VKP Rao
IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience 22 (3), 664-672 2023

Mechanical microscopy of biological structures: investigations on the mechanical resonance of tissues and cells
D Gautam
BITS PILANI, Pilani campus 2023

Modelling the Effect of Geometry and Loading on Mechanical Response of SARS-CoV-2
D Gautam, N Ahmed, VKP Rao
BioNanoScience 12 (3), 867-876 2022

Atomistic approach to analyse transportation of water nanodroplet through a vibrating nanochannel: scope in bio-NEMS applications
A Owhal, D Gautam, SU Belgamwar, VKP Rao
Molecular Simulation 48 (9), 737-744 2022

Cyber Crimes against Marginalised and Vulnerable Groups in India
A Srivastava, MAK Goswami, DR Gautam
Cyber Crime, Regulations and Security-Contemporary Issues and Challenges, 07-17 2022

Experimental and numerical studies on mechanical resonance of piezoelectric hemispherical resonator gyroscope
P Chabbi, D Gautam, VKP Rao
2021 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and 2021

Nondestructive evaluation of mechanical properties of femur bone
D Gautam, VKP Rao
Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation 40 (1), 22 2021

Engineering a light-driven cyanine based molecular rotor to enhance the sensitivity towards a viscous medium
V Kachwal, A Srivastava, S Thakar, M Zubiria-Ulacia, D Gautam, ...
Materials Advances 2 (14), 4804-4813 2021

Classification of diaphysis based on the mechanical response of femur bone
D Gautam, VKP Rao
Vibroengineering Procedia 29, 182-188 2019

Modelling the Influence of Protein Expression Levels on the Mechanical Properties of Femur Bone
D Gautam, VKP Rao
Trends Biomater Artif Organs 33, 98-105 2019

Implementation of multi-criteria decision-making method for the selection of magnesium alloy to suit automotive application
A Soni, D Gautam, A Dwivedi
International Journal for Advance Research and Development 3 (6), 4-12 2018

Some investigations on EDM based hybrid machining process of metal matrix composite
A Shrivastava, D Gautam, A Dwivedi
International Journal for Advance Research and Development 3 (6), 13-22 2018

Quality Improvement of the Front Loading Washing Machine using Concept of Design
K Susheel Singh, G Diplesh
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY 5 (Issue 04 2016

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

Nondestructive evaluation of mechanical properties of femur bone
D Gautam, VKP Rao
Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation 40 (1), 22 2021
Citations: 24

Cyber Crimes against Marginalised and Vulnerable Groups in India
A Srivastava, MAK Goswami, DR Gautam
Cyber Crime, Regulations and Security-Contemporary Issues and Challenges, 07-17 2022
Citations: 3

Classification of diaphysis based on the mechanical response of femur bone
D Gautam, VKP Rao
Vibroengineering Procedia 29, 182-188 2019
Citations: 3

Experimental Analysis of Cutting Forces and Temperature in Orthogonal Machining of AISI 1045 Steel
P Pal, D Gautam
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 5 (1) 2015
Citations: 3

Modulating the mechanical resonance of Huh-7 cells based on elasticity of adhesion proteins
D Gautam, VKP Rao
IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience 22 (3), 664-672 2023
Citations: 1

Modelling the Effect of Geometry and Loading on Mechanical Response of SARS-CoV-2
D Gautam, N Ahmed, VKP Rao
BioNanoScience 12 (3), 867-876 2022
Citations: 1

Modelling the Influence of Protein Expression Levels on the Mechanical Properties of Femur Bone
D Gautam, VKP Rao
Trends Biomater Artif Organs 33, 98-105 2019
Citations: 1