Carlos Gonzalez Rivera

Scopus Publications

Advantages of Utilizing PLIF to Analyze Mixing Phenomena in a Physical Model of a Two-strand Continuous Casting Tundish
Alberto Velázquez-Sánchez, Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Rodrigo Villarreal-Medina, Carlos González-Rivera, Adrián M. Amaro-Villeda, et al.
JOM, 2025
This work presents the improved application of the chemical planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) to obtain residence time distribution (RTD) curves in a physical model of a two-strand tundish without flow modifiers. It proposes a new experimental methodology to overcome the issues of using this complex technique in continuous reactors. A calibration procedure for PLIF previously developed for gas-stirred ladles is adapted to determine concentration fields in a tundish. The concentration maps obtained by PLIF represent valuable quantitative information about the evolution of solute mixing after a tracer pulse injection. This information may facilitate the analysis of the mass transfer mechanisms involved in mixing phenomena inside the tundish.
PLIF and PIV as Tools to Analyze and Validate Mathematical Models on Mixing and Fluid Flow of Physical Models of Two-Strand Tundishes
Alberto Velázquez-Sánchez, Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Carlos González-Rivera, Adrián M. Amaro-Villeda, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez
Processes, 2025
This article demonstrates how the non-intrusive techniques PLIF (Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence) and PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) are used to study fluid flow and mixing in a water model of a continuous casting tundish. These techniques validate CFD models by providing hydrodynamic data and by testing the models’ ability to predict mixing through simulated concentration field evolution under defined process conditions. Using PIV and PLIF yields more accurate information on turbulent mixing and impurity transport than traditional methods. Access to flow and concentration field evolution enables more precise mathematical model refinement and clarifies the impact of tundish design or operational changes on hydrodynamics and mixing. Relative errors in chemical evolution are approximately 20%, whereas velocity errors vary depending on the measurement plane, being lower for longitudinal planes and higher for transversal planes. This suggests that the turbulence model does not fully capture all low- and high-velocity zones. This approach supports reliable flow and mixing predictions in metallurgy and related fields.
Effect of Ag and Cu Content on the Properties of Zn-Ag-Cu-0.05Mg Alloys
Gloria Jara-Chávez, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, Bernardo Campillo-Illanes, Marco Ramírez-Argáez, Carlos González-Rivera
Metals, 2024
Zn-Ag-Cu alloys have recently attracted attention as alloy candidates for biomedical applications, but, to date, they have not achieved the required mechanical properties. To improve the mechanical properties of Zn-Ag-Cu-base alloys, in this work, the effects of the presence of increasing amounts of Ag and Cu as alloying elements on the properties of four 0.05% Mg-micro-alloyed Zn-Ag-Cu base alloys are explored. The alloys were manufactured in an electric furnace with a protective atmosphere using increasing amounts of Ag and Cu as alloying agents, and were cast in a metallic mold. The samples obtained were thermomechanically processed by hot extrusion. Three of the four alloys under study presented increasing amounts of the second phase (Ag, Cu)Zn4, high mechanical properties, a microstructure and mechanical behavior characteristic of heteromaterials with a heterogeneous lamella-structure, and met the requirements of the mechanical properties, corrosion rate, antibacterial properties against S. aureus, and the cytotoxicity required for biomedical applications. It seems possible to tune the properties of the ZnAgCu-0.05% Mg alloys by changing the Ag and Cu contents.
Power characteristics and mass transfer of rotor injectors in a water physical model of an aluminum degassing ladle
David Israel Posadas-Navarro, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco Aurelio Ramírez-Argáez, Gabriel Ascanio
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2023
Analysis of the Effect of Gas Injection System on the Heating Rate of a Gas Stirred Steel Ladle Assisted by Physical Modeling and PIV-PLIF Measurements
Luis Enrique Jardón-Pérez, Alberto N. Conejo, Adrian Manuel Amaro-Villeda, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco Aurelio Ramírez-Argáez
ISIJ International, 2023
Optimizing the Performance of a Dual-Injection Gas-Stirred Ladle Using Physical Modeling
Carlos González-Rivera, Marco A. Ramirez-Argáez, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, Gerardo Trápaga-Martínez, Luis Enrique Jardón-Pérez
Steel Research International, 2022
Experimental Study of Mass Transfer Mechanisms for Solute Mixing in a Gas-Stirred Ladle Using the Particle Image Velocimetry and Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Techniques
Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Carlos González-Rivera, Gerardo Trápaga-Martínez, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez
Steel Research International, 2021
Utilization of the Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Technique (PLIF) to Measure Temperature Fields in a Gas-Stirred Ladle
L. E. Jardón-Pérez, A. M. Amaro-Villeda, G. Trápaga-Martínez, C. González-Rivera, M. A. Ramírez-Argáez
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science, 2020
A 1/17th water physical model of a 200-ton steel ladle furnace with a single gas injection was used to simulate bath heating using a single burner to mimic the heat flux due to electric arcs in the industrial steel ladle. Two phases were considered, using water to simulate the molten steel and air to simulate the argon injection at a flow rate of 1.54 NL min−1. The planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) technique was for the first time experimentally implemented to measure temperature fields in a longitudinal plane of the gas-stirred ladle model. PLIF employs a laser source of 532-nm wavelength to light water seeded with rhodamine B, which emits fluorescence depending on its temperature, after a complex calibration is made. Next, the fluorescence is captured by a camera with a 550-nm wavelength filter. The PLIF measurements were validated by local thermocouple measurements at five different locations in the measurement plane. Temperature fields measured by PLIF are in good agreement with those obtained locally by thermocouples, so the PLIF technique can be used to measure temperature fields with the advantage of getting a complete temperature contour field, in contrast to point values of temperatures with thermocouples. Experiments were carried out to study the thermal mixing for two common tuyere positions, i.e., axisymmetric and eccentric (mid-radius) positions. Results on the injection mode show that axisymmetric gas injection is a more efficient heat transfer configuration between the burner and the liquid phase than is the symmetric injection mode for the particular heating configuration studied in this work.
Alternative system to measure hydrogen content in molten aluminium using an electrochemical sensor
Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 2020
Numerical modeling of equal and differentiated gas injection in ladles: Effect on mixing time and slag eye
Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco A. Ramirez-Argaez, Abhishek Dutta
Processes, 2020
Ladle refining plays a crucial role in the steelmaking process, in which a gas stream is bubbled through molten steel to improve the rate of removal of impurities and enhance the transport phenomena that occur in a metallurgical reactor. In this study, the effect of dual gas injection using equal (50%:50%) and differentiated (75%:25%) flows was studied through numerical modeling, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The effect of gas flow rate and slag thickness on mixing time and slag eye area were studied numerically and compared with the physical model. The numerical model agrees with the physical model, showing that for optimal performance the ladle must be operated using differentiated flows. Although the numerical model can predict well the hydrodynamic behavior (velocity and turbulent kinetic energy) of the ladle, there is a deviation from the experimental mixing time when using both equal and differentiated gas injection at a high gas flow rate and a high slag thickness. This is probably due to the insufficient capture of the velocity field near the water–oil (steel–slag) interface and slag emulsification by the numerical model, as well as the complicated nature of correctly simulating the interaction between both gas plumes.
Determination of the latent heat of fusion and solid fraction evolution of metals and alloys by an improved cooling curve analysis method
Carlos González-Rivera, Anthony Harrup, Carla Aguilar, Adrián M. Amaro-Villeda, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2020
Determination of the latent heat of fusion and the solidification path of a hypoeutectic al based alloy using the energy balance method
Carlos Gonzalez-Rivera, Adrian Amaro-Villeda, Marco A. Ramirez-Argaez
Proceedings 2019 7th International Engineering Sciences and Technology Conference Iestec 2019, 2019
Effect of model size and water chemical composition on mixing time measurements using PLIF in a gas-stirred ladle
Luis E. Jardon-Perez, Carlos Gonzalez-Rivera, Marco A. Ramirez-Argaez
Proceedings 2019 7th International Engineering Sciences and Technology Conference Iestec 2019, 2019
Introducing the Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Technique (PLIF) to Measure Mixing Time in Gas-Stirred Ladles
Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Adrian Amaro-Villeda, Carlos González-Rivera, Gerardo Trápaga, A. N. Conejo, et al.
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science, 2019
Experimental measurements of bubble size distributions in a water model and its influence on the aluminum kinetics degassing
Ernesto Mancilla, Wiener Cruz‐Méndez, Marco Aurelio Ramírez‐Argáez, Carlos González‐Rivera, Gabriel Ascanio
Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019
Effect of differentiated injection ratio, gas flow rate, and slag thickness on mixing time and open eye area in gas-stirred ladle assisted by physical modeling
Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Daniel R. González-Morales, Gerardo Trápaga, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez
Metals, 2019
A novel multiphase methodology simulating three phase flows in a steel ladle
Marco Ramírez-Argáez, Abhishek Dutta, A. Amaro-Villeda, C. González-Rivera, A. Conejo
Processes, 2019
Optimizing gas stirred ladles by physical modeling and PIV measurements
Luis Enrique Jardón Pérez, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, A. N. Conejo, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez
Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2018
Effect of the impeller design on degasification kinetics using the impeller injector technique assisted by mathematical modeling
Diego Abreu-López, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, Francisco Acosta-González, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco Ramírez-Argáez
Metals, 2017
Modeling of metal-slag mass and momentum exchanges in gas-stirred ladles
Marco Ramírez-Argáez, Carlos González-Rivera
Minerals Metals and Materials Series, 2017
Design of a rotor for aluminum degassing assisted by physical and mathematical modeling
M. Ramírez-Argáez, D. Abreú López, C. González Rivera
MRS Advances, 2017
Physical and mathematical modeling of metal-slag exchanges in gas-stirred ladles
Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, A. López-Gutierrez, Alfredo Vazquez, C. González-Rivera, M. A. Ramirez-Argaez
MRS Advances, 2017
Comparison of the hydrodynamic performance of rotor-injector devices in a water physical model of an aluminum degassing ladle
Ernesto Mancilla, Wiener Cruz-Méndez, Isaías E. Garduño, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco Aurelio Ramírez-Argáez, et al.
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2017
Impeller design assisted by physical modeling and pilot plant trials
M. Hernández-Hernández, J.L. Camacho-Martínez, C. González-Rivera, M.A. Ramírez-Argáez
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2016
Experimental and theoretical study on melting kinetics of spherical aluminum particles in liquid aluminum
Marco Ramírez-Argáez, Enrique Jardón, Carlos González-Rivera
Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, 2016

Carlos Gonzalez Rivera

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Scopus Publications