Ahmad Sana

@squ.edu.om

Associate Professor, Civil and Architectural Engineering
Sultan Qaboos University



                 

https://researchid.co/sana092

EDUCATION

Ph.D. (Civil Engineering)

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Coastal Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Water Supply

69

Scopus Publications

1052

Scholar Citations

18

Scholar h-index

32

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Cluster-based downscaling of precipitation using Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural Networks and CMIP6 models: Insights from Oman
    Ali Mardy, Mohammad Reza Nikoo, Mohammad G. Zamani, Ghazi Al-Rawas, Rouzbeh Nazari, Jiri Simunek, Ahmad Sana, and Amir H. Gandomi
    Elsevier BV

  • Cost effective reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline composite coated SSM cathode for bio-electrochemical desalination: Advancing desalination via cathodic improvement
    Sadik Rahman, Tahiya Al Shuaili, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Emad Khudaish, Ahmad Sana, Mahad Said Baawain, and Bipro Ranjan Dhar
    Elsevier BV

  • Modeling of seawater intrusion into Salalah coastal plain aquifer, sultanate of Oman
    Asma Al-Hadhrami, Ahmad Sana, Talal Etri, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Mohammed Reza Nikoo, and Ghazi Al-Rawas
    Elsevier BV

  • Principle of superposition versus control volume finite difference approach in analyzing the step-drawdown test data
    L. N. Gunawardhana, S. Ahmed, A. Sana, and M. S. Baawain
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC

  • Effective removal of Helminths Ova from wastewater and its inactivation from sewage sludge using thermophilic anaerobic digestion
    Intisar Al-Sulaimi, Jagdeep Kumar Nayak, Abdullah Al-Mamun, and Ahmed Sana
    Elsevier BV

  • A new treatment step of bioelectrochemically treated leachate using natural clay adsorption towards sustainable leachate treatment
    Sajjad Ahmad Siddiqi, Sadik Rahman, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Jagdeep Kumar Nayak, Ahmad Sana, and Mahad Said Baawain
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC

  • A new approach for assessing the assembled vulnerability of coastal aquifers based on optimization models
    Maryam Gharekhani, Mohammad Reza Nikoo, Ata Allah Nadiri, Ghazi Al-Rawas, Ahmad Sana, Amir H. Gandomi, Banafsheh Nematollahi, and Venkatramanan Senapathi
    Elsevier BV

  • Regional distribution of intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationships in Sultanate of Oman
    Prerana Chitrakar, Ahmad Sana, and Sheikha Hamood Nasser Almalki
    Elsevier BV

  • Baseline Measurements of Waves and Currents along the Coast of Oman
    Ahmad Sana, Prerana Chitrakar, Mahad Baawain, and Abdullah Al-Mamun
    MDPI AG
    The coast of Oman is undergoing huge coastal developments in order to realize Oman Vision 2040, covering all the strategic sectors. Historical data of coastal hydrodynamic parameters is scarce, even though its importance for properly designed coastal structures is recognized. In the present study, Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP) were deployed at eleven locations along the coast of Oman. These locations were selected based on their strategic importance for the country. The duration of the deployments were between 60 and 265 days. The measured data of the waves and currents were collected and analyzed using equipment-specific software and Excel. The significant wave heights can reach 2 m along the whole coast of Oman. The southern coast is dominated by swells. The maximum to significant wave height ratio is approximately 1.5, which is less than the value of 2 obtained using the Rayleigh distribution. The coastal currents are stronger along the southern coast than those along the northern coast. The range of current magnitude is between 0.02 m/s and 0.8 m/s. This baseline study will help the public authorities in establishing permanent hydrodynamic measurement stations along the coast of Oman. Moreover, these measurements will serve the practicing engineers in designing coastal structures along the coast of Oman.

  • Review: Assessment and modeling of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers of the Arabian Peninsula
    Javed Akhtar, Ahmad Sana, and Syed Mohammed Tauseef
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC

  • Developing an uncertainty-based auto-calibrated reservoir eutrophication model: a case study of Karkheh Dam, Iran
    F. Masoumi, S. Masoumzadeh Sayyar, P. Valizadeh, M. R. Nikoo, A. Al-Nuaimi, and A. Sana
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC

  • Recent advances in microbial electrosynthesis system: Metabolic investigation and process optimization
    Abdullah Al-Mamun, Waqar Ahmed, Tahereh Jafary, Jagdeep Kumar Nayak, Ali Al-Nuaimi, and Ahmad Sana
    Elsevier BV

  • A review on semiconductor photocathode in bioelectrochemical systems: Mechanism, limitation, and environmental application
    S. Rahman, N.J. Al Balushi, J.K. Nayak, A. Al-Mamun, M. Al-Abri, M. Al Alawi, and A. Sana
    Elsevier BV

  • Assessment of the vulnerability of hybrid coastal aquifers: application of multi-attribute decision-making and optimization models
    Mojgan Bordbar, Mohammad Reza Nikoo, Ahmad Sana, Banafsheh Nematollahi, Ghazi Al-Rawas, and Amir H. Gandomi
    Informa UK Limited

  • Numerical Modeling of Seawater Intrusion in Wadi Al-Jizi Coastal Aquifer in the Sultanate of Oman
    Javed Akhtar, Ahmad Sana, Syed Mohammed Tauseef, and Hitoshi Tanaka
    MDPI AG
    The Sultanate of Oman is an arid country in the Arabian Peninsula suffering from insufficient freshwater supplies and extremely hot weather conditions. The only source of recharge is rainfall, which is scarce and varies with space and time, for the aquifers being overexploited for the last few decades. This has led to depleting groundwater levels and seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers. In the present study, Ground Modeling System (GMS) was employed in Wadi Al-Jizi, which is one of the important aquifers in the Al Batinah coastal plain that caters to the needs of the country’s 70% agriculture. MODFLOW and MT3DMS were used to simulate the groundwater levels and solute transport, respectively. These models were calibrated under steady and transient conditions using observed data from twenty monitoring wells for a period of seventeen years (year 2000–2016). After validation, the model was utilized to predict the salinity intrusion due to changes in groundwater abstraction rates and sea level rise owing to climatic change. These predictions show that, by the year 2040, salinity intrusion (TDS > 12,800 mg/L) will transgress by 0.80 km inland if the current abstraction rates are allowed to be maintained. Further deterioration of groundwater quality is anticipated in the following years due to the increased pumping rates. The models and the results from the present study may be utilized for the effective management of groundwater resources in the Wadi Al-Jizi aquifer.

  • Tsunami Damping due to Bottom Friction Considering Flow Regime Transition and Depth-Limitation in a Boundary Layer
    Hitoshi Tanaka, Nguyen Xuan Tinh, and Ahmad Sana
    MDPI AG
    According to recent investigations on bottom boundary layer development under tsunami, a wave boundary can be observed even at the water depth of 10 m, rather than a steady flow type boundary layer. Moreover, it has been surprisingly reported that the tsunami boundary layer remains laminar in the deep-sea area. For this reason, the bottom boundary layer under tsunami experiences two transitional processes during the wave shoaling: (1) flow regime transition in a wave-motion boundary layer from laminar to the turbulent regime, and (2) transition from non-depth-limited (wave boundary layer) to depth-limited boundary layer (steady flow boundary layer). In the present study, the influence of these two transition processes on tsunami wave height damping has been investigated using a wave energy flux model. Moreover, a difference of calculation results by using the conventional steady flow friction coefficient was clarified.

  • A Comprehensive Study on Air-Cathode Limitations and Its Mitigation Strategies in Microbial Desalination Cell—A Review
    Noor Juma Al Balushi, Jagdeep Kumar Nayak, Sadik Rahman, Ahmad Sana, and Abdullah Al-Mamun
    MDPI AG
    Microbial desalination cells (MDCs) are promising bioelectrochemical systems for desalination using the bacteria-generated electricity from the biodegradation of organic wastes contained in the wastewater. Instead of being a sustainable and eco-friendly desalination technology, the large-scale application of MDC was limited due to the high installation cost of the metal-catalyst-coated cathode electrode and the poor performance of the cathode in long-term operation due to catalyst fouling. Such cathodic limitations have hindered its large-scale application. The cathodic limitation has arisen mainly because of three losses, such as (1) Ohmic loss, (2) mass transfer loss, and (3) activation loss. The catalyst-assisted cathodic reduction reaction is an electrochemical surface phenomenon; thereby, the cathode’s surface charge transfer and thermodynamic efficiency are crucial for reaction kinetics. This review article aims to provide an overview of the MDC process, performance indicators, and summarizes the limiting factors that could hinder the process performance. Then, the article represented a comprehensive summary of the air-cathodic limitations and the mechanisms applied to improve the air-cathodic limitations in MDC to enhance the cathodic reaction kinetics through cathode surface modification through catalysts. The study is significantly different from other review studies by the precise identification and illustration of the cathodic losses and their mitigation strategies through surface modification. The details about the role of photocatalysts in the minimization of the cathode losses and improvement of the performance of MDC were well presented.

  • Evaluating the groundwater potential of Wadi Al-Jizi, Sultanate of Oman, by integrating remote sensing and GIS techniques
    Javed Akhtar, Ahmed Sana, Syed Mohammed Tauseef, Gajendran Chellaiah, Parmeswari Kaliyaperumal, Humayun Sarkar, and Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Groundwater resources are highly stressed due to their overuse, especially in the arid region. This study is aimed at discovering potential groundwater resource zones using currently available data and state-of-the-art methods. This will lead to effective management of scarcely available and rapidly depleting groundwater resources in the Wadi Al-Jizi catchment, located in the Al-Batinah region. Data on terrain characteristics, geology, and geomorphology was integrated using remote sensing techniques and geographical information system (GIS). The result from this exercise was used for the identification of areas with a high potential for groundwater availability. These areas were classified into five types, namely, excellent, good, medium, low, and very low representing 11%, 59.5%, 26%, and 3.5% of the total area, respectively. The present study shows that the integration of all the weighted parameters shows promising results in the zonation of groundwater. This study shall be useful to the decision-makers in highlighting potential drilling as well as recharge sites in the area.

  • A critical review of the recently developed laboratory-scale municipal solid waste landfill leachate treatment technologies
    Sajjad Ahmad Siddiqi, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Mahad Said Baawain, and Ahmad Sana
    Elsevier BV

  • Effect of Volatile Fatty Acids Accumulation on Biogas Production by Sludge-Feeding Thermophilic Anaerobic Digester and Predicting Process Parameters
    Intisar Nasser Al-Sulaimi, Jagdeep Kumar Nayak, Halima Alhimali, Ahmed Sana, and Abdullah Al-Mamun
    MDPI AG
    Sewage sludge represents an important resource for reuse in the wastewater treatment field. Hence, thermophilic anaerobic digestion (TAD) could be an alternative technique to recover renewable resources from sludge. In the TAD biodegradation process, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are the intermediate products of methanogenesis. However, the higher formation and accumulation of VFAs leads to microbial stress, resulting in acidification and failure of the digester. Therefore, several batch TADs have been investigated to evaluate the VFAs production from sludge and their impact on biogas generation and biodegradation efficiency. Three types of sewage sludges, e.g., primary sludge (PS), secondary sludge (SS), and mixed sludge (MS) were used as substrates to estimate the accumulation of VFAs and yield of methane gas. The system showed the maximum total VFAs accumulation from both PS and MS as 824.68 ± 0.5 mg/L and 236.67 ± 0.5 mg/L, respectively. The dominant VFA accumulation was identified as acetic acid, the main intermediate by-product of methane production. The produced biogas from PS and MS contained 66.75 ± 0.5% and 52.29 ± 0.5% methane, respectively. The high content of methane with PS-feeding digesters was due to the higher accumulation of VFAs (i.e., 824.68 ± 0.5 mg/L) in the TAD. The study also predicted the design parameters of TAD process by fitting the lab-scale experimental data with the well-known first-order kinetic and logistic models. Such predicted design parameters are significantly important before the large-scale application of the TAD process.

  • Characterization and pollution potential of leachate from urban landfills during dry and wet periods in arid regions
    Sajjad Ahmad Siddiqi, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Ahmad Sana, Mahad Said Baawain, and Mahbuboor Rahman Choudhury
    IWA Publishing
    Abstract Leachate originating from municipal solid waste landfills poses a serious contamination threat to public health. The study performed a bio-physicochemical characterization of leachate from two landfills in Oman, i.e., Multaqa landfill leachate (MLL) and Barka landfill leachate (BLL) before and after rainfall. Samples were characterized for 92 parameters. Additionally, the leachate pollution index (LPI) was estimated to assess the expected contamination levels and potential environmental health risks. The study found a high value of the leachate parameters without any rainfall incidents. Pearson correlations (±ve) are seen at more than 90% in all cases, which is a strong association (r>0.75) for the measured parameters in both MLL and BLL. Rainfall significantly reduced the concentrations of organic contaminants and solids in leachate due to dilution. The study revealed about 18%–29% and 14%–28% reductions in the LPI sub-index for organic and inorganic contaminants, respectively, after rainfall. The overall LPI values were higher compared with similar findings from the literature. Such deviations could be attributed to the unsegregated nature of solid waste, resulting in the formation of contaminants or from the disposal of a high volume of solid waste in a smaller area. Therefore, the study recommends efficient management strategies for landfills to reduce potential leachate groundwater contamination.

  • Multi-layer groundwater flow simulation in Al-Khoud lower catchment in Oman
    Al-Mundhar Al-Nasri, Luminda Niroshana Gunawardhana, Ghazi Ali Al-Rawas, Mahad Said Baawain, and Ahmed Sana
    Informa UK Limited
    Sustainable groundwater resource management requires a better understanding of multilayer interactions, caused by the heterogeneous formations and enhanced by the groundwater withdrawal in aquifers. This phenomenon was studied in Al-Khoud lower catchment in Oman. Water exchange between different layers was observed by measuring piezometric heads of wells located at the same place with screen intervals placed in different layers. In addition, groundwater levels from 8 more wells and pumping rates from 60 wells were used for developing a numerical model in a 156 km2 area. Lithological data from 23 boreholes were used for defining three subsurface layers. Model results under different conditions indicated that 1.9–3.8 m head difference could be attributed to the pumping, while 2.1–6.0 m groundwater-level variations were accounted for the heterogeneity and anisotropic effects. Further analysis showed that the increased pumping rate increased the piezometric head difference between the layers, which enhances the multi-layer interactions.

  • Operational and technical performance of a water distribution network in Oman
    Ahmed Al Naamani and Ahmad Sana
    IWA Publishing
    Abstract A water distribution network in an urban area in Muscat region (the capital city of Oman) is assessed for operational performance using the widely accepted methodology proposed by the International Water Association (IWA). The technical performance of this network was assessed using global performance index methods after modifying the performance levels as per local guidelines. A total of 37 operational performance indicators for the network were selected to carry out assessment. Overall operational performance showed high scores whereas some indicators showed unacceptable performance values. The network showed very high technical performance considering nodal pressures. The lower performance for pipe velocity may be attributed to the fact that the network is currently being utilized by 70% of the population for which it was designed. The residual chlorine levels were within the acceptable range of the Public Authority for Water (PAW), showing a very good performance by virtue of water quality. This study will be useful for decision makers to assess the operational, technical and water quality performance of urban networks and take actions for improvements.

  • Analytical and numerical analysis of constant-rate pumping test data considering aquifer boundary effect
    Luminda Niroshana Gunawardhana, Fatma Al-Harthi, Ahmed Sana, and Mahad Said Baawain
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    The constant-rate pumping test (CRT) is commonly used to determine the aquifer properties. In this method, measured drawdown in the pumping well and the monitoring wells are usually matched with type curves developed by various analytical methods. However, numerous assumptions used to develop the analytical solution are not always compatible with the actual site conditions. In this study, drawdown records collected in a pumping well and two monitoring wells located near a river, were analyzed to investigate the boundary effects on the estimated aquifer properties. This site condition violates the assumption that the aquifer is of infinite areal extent. Moreover, time varying water heads during the pumping and recovery tests were simulated numerically to determine the effect of hydraulic gradient, which does not satisfy the assumption of horizontal potentiometric surface used in the analytical solution. Calibrated aquifer properties without the boundary effect showed clear differences, where the transmissivity, anisotropy ratio and specific yield varied by 12%, 34% and 53%, respectively, as compared to the results obtained by including the boundary effect. Numerical simulation conducted by considering a horizontal potentiometric surface as in the analytical model produced an averaged root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) of 0.055 m, which was approximately 57% higher than the RMSE value estimated with the effect of the hydraulic gradient. Therefore, it was concluded that the simplified analytical solutions may lead to misleading estimations of aquifer properties when the pumping test was conducted in an area with complex site conditions.

  • Groundwater contamination in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: a review
    Sajjad Ahmad Siddiqi, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Mahad Said Baawain, and Ahmad Sana
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Groundwater quality levels are currently deteriorating in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries due to excessive surface and subsurface human activities. Agricultural and industrial activities, landfill seepage and seawater intrusion have been attributed to the deterioration of groundwater quality in GCC states. Such a deterioration of groundwater quality could affect water security in the region, including human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, this review aims to identify the key causes of groundwater contamination across the GCC countries from the published literature. In addition, the review summarizes the major components of the groundwater contaminants across the GCC countries. The results have shown that heavy metals, several cations and anions are the leading cause of groundwater pollution. In most cases, the level of metals and ion contaminants exceeds both the local and international water quality standards. The results have observed the presence of high levels of coliform and radioactive elements in groundwater, especially Uranium and Radium, thereby posing additional risk to human health through consumption. Considering the scarcity of freshwater resources in GCC, urgent actions are required from the decision-makers and relevant regulatory bodies to set up and implement long-term mitigation strategies and stringent policies that will protect the groundwater resources from the adverse effects of anthropogenic activities.

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Cost effective reduced graphene oxide/polyaniline composite coated SSM cathode for bio-electrochemical desalination: Advancing desalination via cathodic improvement
    S Rahman, T Al Shuaili, A Al-Mamun, E Khudaish, A Sana, MS Baawain, ...
    Desalination 597, 118399 2025

  • Application Of Low Reynolds Number K† E Model To Wave-current Combined Motion
    A Sana, H Tanaka
    WIT Transactions on The Built Environment 10 2024

  • Principle of superposition versus control volume finite difference approach in analyzing the step-drawdown test data
    LN Gunawardhana, S Ahmed, A Sana, MS Baawain
    International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 21 (4), 3913-3926 2024

  • Modeling of seawater intrusion into Salalah coastal plain aquifer, sultanate of Oman
    A Al-Hadhrami, A Sana, T Etri, A Al-Mamun, MR Nikoo, G Al-Rawas
    Groundwater for Sustainable Development 24, 101076 2024

  • Effective removal of Helminths Ova from wastewater and its inactivation from sewage sludge using thermophilic anaerobic digestion
    I Al-Sulaimi, JK Nayak, A Al-Mamun, A Sana
    Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management 20, 100793 2023

  • A new treatment step of bioelectrochemically treated leachate using natural clay adsorption towards sustainable leachate treatment
    SA Siddiqi, S Rahman, A Al-Mamun, JK Nayak, A Sana, MS Baawain
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research 30 (52), 111903-111915 2023

  • A new approach for assessing the assembled vulnerability of coastal aquifers based on optimization models
    M Gharekhani, MR Nikoo, AA Nadiri, G Al-Rawas, A Sana, AH Gandomi, ...
    Journal of Hydrology 625, 130084 2023

  • Regional distribution of intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) relationships in Sultanate of Oman
    P Chitrakar, A Sana, SHN Almalki
    Journal of King Saud University-Science 35 (7), 102804 2023

  • Baseline Measurements of Waves and Currents along the Coast of Oman
    A Sana, P Chitrakar, M Baawain, A Al-Mamun
    Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11 (9), 1711 2023

  • Study of Turbulence in Open Channels Using Two-Equation Models
    A Sana, G Al-Rawas, T Etri, A Al-Mamun
    Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil Infrastructure and 2023

  • Assessment and modeling of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers of the Arabian Peninsula
    J Akhtar, A Sana, SM Tauseef
    Hydrogeology Journal 31 (5), 1121-1145 2023

  • Developing an uncertainty-based auto-calibrated reservoir eutrophication model: a case study of Karkheh Dam, Iran
    F Masoumi, S Masoumzadeh Sayyar, P Valizadeh, MR Nikoo, ...
    International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 20 (7), 7377-7392 2023

  • Recent advances in microbial electrosynthesis system: Metabolic investigation and process optimization
    A Al-Mamun, W Ahmed, T Jafary, JK Nayak, A Al-Nuaimi, A Sana
    Biochemical Engineering Journal 196, 108928 2023

  • Revisin: Evaluacin y modelado de la intrusin de agua marina en los acuferos costeros de la Pennsula Arbiga
    J Akhtar, A Sana, SM Tauseef
    Hydrogeology Journal 31 (5), 1121-1145 2023

  • Assessment of the vulnerability of hybrid coastal aquifers: application of multi-attribute decision-making and optimization models
    M Bordbar, MR Nikoo, A Sana, B Nematollahi, G Al-Rawas, AH Gandomi
    Hydrological Sciences Journal 68 (8), 1095-1108 2023

  • A review on semiconductor photocathode in bioelectrochemical systems: Mechanism, limitation, and environmental application
    S Rahman, NJ Al Balushi, JK Nayak, A Al-Mamun, M Al-Abri, M Al Alawi, ...
    Materials Today Sustainability 22, 100349 2023

  • Numerical simulation of climate change impacts on the Coast of Oman
    T Etri, G Al-Rawas, A Sana, MR Nikoo
    Qatar University Press 2023

  • Development of Regional IDF Relationships for Oman
    A Sana, S Al-Malki
    International Conference on Advances in Civil and Construction Engineering 2022

  • Numerical Modeling of Seawater Intrusion in Wadi Al-Jizi Coastal Aquifer in the Sultanate of Oman
    J Akhtar, A Sana, SM Tauseef, H Tanaka
    Hydrology 9 (12), 211 2022

  • A Comprehensive Study on Air-Cathode Limitations and Its Mitigation Strategies in Microbial Desalination Cell—A Review
    N Juma Al Balushi, JK Nayak, S Rahman, A Sana, A Al-Mamun
    Energies 15 (20), 7459 2022

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Characteristics of turbulent boundary layers over a rough bed under saw-tooth waves and its application to sediment transport
    H Tanaka, A Sana
    Coastal Engineering 55 (12), 1102-1112 2008
    Citations: 82

  • Global scale evaluation of coastal fresh groundwater resources
    P Ranjan, S Kazama, M Sawamoto, A Sana
    Ocean & Coastal Management 52 (3-4), 197-206 2009
    Citations: 69

  • A critical review of the recently developed laboratory-scale municipal solid waste landfill leachate treatment technologies
    SA Siddiqi, A Al-Mamun, MS Baawain, A Sana
    Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 52, 102011 2022
    Citations: 51

  • Towards upscaling microbial desalination cell technology: a comprehensive review on current challenges and future prospects
    S Rahman, T Jafary, A Al-Mamun, MS Baawain, MR Choudhury, ...
    Journal of Cleaner Production 288, 125597 2021
    Citations: 51

  • Effect of volatile fatty acids accumulation on biogas production by sludge-feeding thermophilic anaerobic digester and predicting process parameters
    IN Al-Sulaimi, JK Nayak, H Alhimali, A Sana, A Al-Mamun
    Fermentation 8 (4), 184 2022
    Citations: 48

  • Full-range equation for wave boundary layer thickness
    A Sana, H Tanaka
    Coastal engineering 54 (8), 639-642 2007
    Citations: 35

  • Current status of marine pollution and mitigation strategies in arid region: a detailed review
    P Chitrakar, MS Baawain, A Sana, A Al-Mamun
    Ocean Science Journal 54 (3), 317-348 2019
    Citations: 34

  • Review of k-ε model to analyze oscillatory boundary layers
    A Sana, H Tanaka
    Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 126 (9), 701-710 2000
    Citations: 34

  • Characterization and pollution potential of leachate from urban landfills during dry and wet periods in arid regions
    SA Siddiqi, A Al-Mamun, A Sana, MS Baawain, MR Choudhury
    Water Supply 22 (3), 3462-3483 2022
    Citations: 33

  • Modeling of a rough-wall oscillatory boundary layer using two-equation turbulence models
    A Sana, AR Ghumman, H Tanaka
    Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 135 (1), 60-65 2009
    Citations: 33

  • Numerical study on transition to turbulence in a wave boundary layer
    H Tanaka, A Sana
    Euromech Colloquium, 21-24 1993
    Citations: 32

  • Groundwater flow and solute transport simulation in Eastern Al Batinah Coastal Plain, Oman: case study
    P Chitrakar, A Sana
    Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 21 (2), 05015020 2016
    Citations: 29

  • Two-equation turbulence models for smooth oscillatory boundary layers
    A Sana, EB Shuy
    Journal of waterway, port, coastal, and ocean engineering 128 (1), 38-45 2002
    Citations: 28

  • Groundwater contamination in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: a review
    SA Siddiqi, A Al-Mamun, MS Baawain, A Sana
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28 (17), 21023-21044 2021
    Citations: 26

  • 交差する波と流れによる抵抗則の検討
    田中仁
    土木学会論文集, 273-277 1996
    Citations: 24

  • Beach erosion along Al Batinah coast, Sultanate of Oman
    AY Kwarteng, SM Al-Hatrushi, WK Illenberger, A McLachlan, A Sana, ...
    Arabian Journal of Geosciences 9, 1-20 2016
    Citations: 22

  • The testing of low Reynolds number k-E models by DNS data for an oscillatory boundary layer
    A Sana, H Tanaka
    Flow Modeling and Turbulence Measurements VI, 363-370 1996
    Citations: 20

  • Modification of the damping function in the< i> k–ε</i> model to analyse oscillatory boundary layers
    A Sana, AR Ghumman, H Tanaka
    Ocean engineering 34 (2), 320-326 2007
    Citations: 18

  • Teaching fundamental concepts of coastal engineering using excel spreadsheet
    A Sana
    Computer Applications in Engineering Education 25 (2), 304-310 2017
    Citations: 14

  • Recent advances in microbial electrosynthesis system: Metabolic investigation and process optimization
    A Al-Mamun, W Ahmed, T Jafary, JK Nayak, A Al-Nuaimi, A Sana
    Biochemical Engineering Journal 196, 108928 2023
    Citations: 13