Mitigating the oXidative stress caused by UV-B in date palm seedlings: efficacy of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid application Sajeda Yaseen Swaid, Hussein Jasim Shareef Folia Oecologica, 2025 The date palm is one of the plants whose growth is being affected by global warming through harmful wavelengths of UV radiation. The protective role of salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (AsA) at physiological (100 and 200 mg l–1) levels was assessed under UV-B (8 hrs day–1) stress in the development and physiological adaptation of date palm seedlings. Three months after treatment with different concentrations of SA and AsA, their effects on growth criteria, pigment content, oxidation stress markers, and enzyme antioxidant activities were studied. Results revealed that both SA and AsA increased the seedling height, leaf width, and dry weight, decreased the level of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide, and increased membrane stability, thereby alleviating oxidant injury. Furthermore, activities of antioxidant enzymes such as peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase have been upregulated, thereby enhancing the seedlings’ tolerance against stress. The results suggest that foliar SA and AsA application could be an efficient way to alleviate the UV-B radiation stress damage in young date palm plants, therefore providing a possible approach to improving crop resilience in increasingly harsh environmental conditions.
Exogenous nano-selenium alleviates heat-induced oxidative damage in date palm seedlings by modulating the plant hormones and antioxidant defense Hussein Jasim SHAREEF Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 2024 Crops are destroyed by extreme heat, which also limits their growth and yield. The present study sought to determine whether selenium (0, 15, or 30 mg l-1) impacted ‘Barhee’ date palm seedling’s development under heat stress (in the field and canopy temperature). The growth parameters, chlorophyll and relative water content, ascorbic acid, catalase activity, and phytohormones in seedlings were reduced under heat stress. At the same time, ascorbate peroxidase activity, proline, phenols, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and abscisic acid in seedlings increased. Enhancing growth features, chlorophyll content, relative water content, ascorbic acid, catalase activity, plant hormones, proline, phenols, and ascorbate peroxidase activity with exogenous nano-Selenium (15 mg l-1) reduced the negative impacts of heat stress. Date palm seedlings can be protected from high temperatures by using nano-selenium. Selenium reverses heat-induced oxidative damage by enhancing the antioxidative mechanism, improving reactive oxygen species scavenging, lowering lipid peroxidation, and modulating plant hormone levels.
Ascorbic acid and calcium chloride modulate protein profile and metabolites to adapt Indian almond seedlings to heat stress Neven A. Abdullah, Haider S. Sh. AL-Jabir, Hussein J. Shareef Journal of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, 2023 The distribution of plants on the planet is associated with high temperatures as a limiting factor. Indian almond seedlings were planted in pots subjected to ascorbic acid (AsA) and calcium chloride alone or combined to reduce the negative impact of high field temperature. All treatments improved growth parameters compared with the control. The combined treatments increased chlorophyll content. In contrast, AsA 100 combined with calcium chloride 500 increased carotenoid pigment. However, the treatments modulated proline, total soluble carbohydrate, phenolic, and AsA contents. Heat stress increased abscisic acid (ABA) content and electrolyte leakage percentage, whereas calcium decreased. AsA 50 mg/L decreased ABA and electrolyte leakage, whereas calcium increased. The treatments modulated protein profile in the number of proteins separated into bands on the gel. The thickness and density of these bands indicate differences in the molecular weights of proteins by treatments. The seedlings responded to heat stress during the 2 nd week in July 2021, and the control treatment was more responsive to the temperature rise than the other treatments. The adaptation of the Indian almond plants to high temperatures during the summer in semi-tropical regions is possible using AsA and calcium chloride to reduce heat stress damage on the plant.
Foliar iron and zinc nano-fertilizers enhance growth, mineral uptake, and antioxidant defense in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seedlings Hussein J. Shareef, Ahmed Y. L. Hzaa, Nabil I. Elsheery Folia Oecologica, 2023 Salty sandy soil usually hinders plant growth, while spraying nano-fertilizers such as iron and zinc enhances plant growth. This experiment investigated the role of iron and zinc nano-fertilizers (1 g l–1) in the adaptation of date palm seedlings (cv. Barhee) subjected to salt stress (0, 75, 150 mM NaCl). Nano-fertilizer increased plant height, length of roots, number of leaves, and roots. In contrast, salt stress led to reducing these parameters. Salt stress increased hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and antioxidants such as soluble proteins, proline, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase enzyme in the leaves. Abscisic acid also increased. Nano-fertilizers increased the chlorophyll and dry matter of the plant under salt stress. Nano-iron induced better seedling growth than nano-zinc, especially in the length of the roots. Nano-iron under salt stress increased iron and potassium concentration and K/Na ratio in leaves. Nano-fertilizers help the plant adapt to environmental stresses, and seedlings succeed in growing in saline sandy soils.
Pre-treatment for heat tolerance enhancement of the Indian almond (Pithecellobium dulce) seedlings using ascorbic acid and potassium chloride Neven A. Abdullah, Haider S. Sh. Al-Jabir, Hussein J. Shareef Folia Oecologica, 2023 In light of global warming, pre-treatment plants with antioxidants may reduce the damage caused by climatic changes. Indian almond seedlings were planted in pots subjected to ascorbic acid and potassium chloride alone or combined to reduce the negative impact of high field temperature. Compared with the control, all treatments improved the plant height, branch number, number of leaves, and leaf area. These treatments reduced loss in concentration of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid. Heat stress increased abscisic acid content and electrolyte leakage percentage, whereas the application of ascorbic acid alleviated this damage. Indian almond plants can better withstand high temperatures particularly using ascorbic acid treatments at 50 mg l−1 or treatment of ascorbic acid at 50 mg l−1 + potassium chloride at 250 mg l−1 to reduce heat stress damage.
Response of date palm offshoots (Phoenix dactylifera L.) to the foliar spray of salicylic acid and citric acid under salinity conditions Hussein J. Shareef, Muayed F. Abbas, Abbas M. Jasim Folia Oecologica, 2022 Antioxidants enhance the salt tolerance of date palms. A field experiment was carried out on date palm offshoots to improve the salt tolerance of the Sayer cultivar. Salicylic acid and citric acid (500 and 1,000 ppm) were used. The results showed that all growth parameters of plant height, leaf area, and leaf numbers decreased under the salinity conditions. The antioxidant applications increased the plant height, leaf area, carbohydrates, and relative water content compared with the control. Citric acid at 1,000 ppm decreased electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde. Indoleacetic acid decreased, whereas abscisic acid increased under salinity. The antioxidant application increased indoleacetic, whereas abscisic acid decreased. Proline, protein content, and peroxidase activity increased under antioxidants. Also, the potassium and K/Na ratio increased under antioxidant applications. Citric acid improved the characteristics more than salicylic acid, encouraging farmers to use it for its low cost as an antioxidant to reduce environmental stress damage.
Foliar nutrition of date palm: Advances and applications. A review Hussein J. Shareef, Ibtihaj H. Al-Tememi, Gholamreza Abdi Folia Oecologica, 2021 Foliar fertilization is one of the crucial ways for continued cultivation of date palm, obtaining the best results of growth and production, in addition to the possibility to reduce damage from abiotic stress. Although subjected date palm to an annual fertilization program, it faces some challenges, including low soil availability for nutrients, dryness of the soil surface, low root activity in the breeding period, soil alkalinity, as well as water scarcity in areas of cultivation, and symptoms of deficiency of some elements. This review attempts to shed light on the importance of using leaf fertilization, demonstrating the successful technique and positive results, and proving the ability of date palm cells to absorb nutrients, similar to other trees, and interact with chemical and biological fertilizers. Besides, the leaflet’s possibility of absorbing various nutrients, chelated iron, biostimulants, antioxidants, and nano-fertilization, are presented.
Adapting date palm offshoots to long-term irrigation using groundwater in sandy soil Hussein J. Shareef, Abdulrahman S. Alhamd, Summar A. Naqvi, Mamdouh A. Eissa Folia Oecologica, 2021 The date palm can grow in desert areas using high salinity groundwater by increasing the number of irrigation cycles. A field experiment was carried out on date palm cv. Sayer offshoots grown in sandy saline soil during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. The outcomes demonstrated that the application of saline (10 dS m–1) groundwater every four days increased plant height, number of new leaves, total chlorophyll, and relative water content. In turn, the hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and electrolyte leakage were reduced. Also, the effect of this treatment improved the growth of the plants, thus reduced the absorption of sodium, chloride, and increased potassium, then decreased the Na/K ratio. Cluster analysis showed two distinct cluster groups. In the first group, the dissimilarity between the treatments is illustrated by the influence of freshwater. While the second group showed the similarity between the treatments of four days and every week in the subgroup. Whereas treatment of two weeks duration shows the most detrimental effect on growth indices and chemical properties of offshoots. The utilization of saline groundwater in the water system of the date palm is the best option among the solutions possible in the current conditions of drought and thermal retention.
Salt and drought stress exhibits oxidative stress and modulated protein patterns in roots and leaves of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Hussein J. SHAREEF, Jameel M. AL-KHAYRI Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 2021 <p>The formation of new proteins under the influence of harsh environmental conditions is a plant adaptation reaction. Two-year-old date palm tissue culture-derived plants from ‘Barhee’ grown in the field were subjected to salt stress (70 g l<sup>-1</sup> NaCl) and dehydration-induced by applying 70 g l<sup>-1</sup> polyethylene glycol or without irrigation and withholding irrigation (0 g l<sup>-1</sup>) for one month. The soluble carbohydrate content increased in response to salinity and polyethylene glycol treatment in leaves compared to the control and drought treatment without irrigation. Proline increased in all treatments. Malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide increased under salinity. Salinity treatment increased the activity of ascorbate peroxidase and catalase enzyme. Salinity and polyethylene glycol treatments increased abscisic acid, whereas the indoleacetic acid level decreased. The protein pattern of roots and leaves in one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the stress conditions led to new protein bands' appearance and other proteins' disappearance. A comparison of protein patterns between the control and stress treatments revealed that the relative intensity of proteins in roots and leaves were more associated with salinity treatment than the drought. The results may be clearing important the molecular mechanism of tolerance under the influence of extreme environmental stress.</p>
Light, Shade, and Temperature Effects on Date Palm Fruits Ripening, Pigments, and Phytohormones HJ Shareef, Y Kuzyakov International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 171-188 , 2027 2027
Antioxidant compounds enhanced the anatomical characteristics of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) offshoot leaves under salinity stress HJ .Shareef Basrah journal of Date Palm Research 24 (2), 92-113 , 2025 2025
Mitigating the oxidative stress caused by UV-B in date palm seedlings: efficacy of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid application SY Swaid, HJ Shareef Folia Oecologica 52 (1), 34-41 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Date Palm Nutrition Using Trunk Injection: A Comprehensive Review HJ .Shareef Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 11 (1), 8-17 , 2025 2025
Dodatek nano selena zmanjšuje od vročine povzročene oksidativne poškodbe v sejankah dateljeve palme s spremembami v rastlinskih hormonih in antioksidativni obrambi HJ SHAREEF 2024
Enhancing Physiological Performance of Tissue Culture-Derived Date Palm Plants under Salinity Stress with Kelpak Seaweed Extract MJ Mohammed, KA Muhsen, KM Awad, HJ Shareef, ON Jaffer, MZ Shakir Basrah journal of Date Palm Research 23 (2), 153-164 , 2024 2024
Exogenous nano-selenium alleviates heat-induced oxidative damage in date palm seedlings by modulating the plant hormones and antioxidant defense HJ .Shareef Acta agriculturae Slovenica 120 (2), 1-12 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Optimization temperature and Boron modulate Phytohormnes content to improve fruit set for Barhee date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivar derived from tissue culture HJ Shareef Basrah journal of Date Palm Research 23 (1), 100-115 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Foliar iron and zinc nano-fertilizers enhance growth, mineral uptake, and antioxidant defense in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seedlings HJ Shareef, AYL Hzaa, NI Elsheery Folia Oecologica 50 (2), 185-195 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Ascorbic acid and calcium chloride modulate protein profile and metabolites to adapt Indian almond seedlings to heat stress HJS Neven A. Abdullah, Haider S. Sh. AL-Jabir Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology 11 (5), 198-205 , 2023 2023 Citations: 4
Pre-treatment for heat tolerance enhancement of the Indian almond (Pithecellobium dulce) seedlings using ascorbic acid and potassium chloride NA Abdullah, HSS Al-Jabir, HJ Shareef Folia Oecologica 50 (1), 80-88 , 2023 2023 Citations: 4
Potassium and calcium enhance the adaptation of Indian almond seedlings to heat stress NA Abdullah, HJ Shareef, HSS Al-Jabir International Journal of Agricultural and Statistical Sciences 18 (1), 971-982 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
Trichoderma harzianum-fertilizer enhances the tolerance of date palm seedlings against soil salinity HJ Shareef, AEDK Omar Basrah Journal for Date Palm Research 21 (2), 99-116 , 2022 2022
Response of date palm offshoots (Phoenix dactylifera L.) to the foliar spray of salicylic acid and citric acid under salinity conditions HJ Shareef, MF Abbas, AM Jasim Folia Oecologica 49 (2), 130–136 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Clean agriculture for the safe production of date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Sewi) under Egyptian conditions. IA Aseeri, AK Omar, HJ Shareef, KM Aly Applied Ecology & Environmental Research 19 (5) , 2021 2021 Citations: 4
Foliar nutrition of date palm: advances and applications. A review HJ Shareef, IH Al-Tememi, G Abdi Folia Oecologica 48 (1), 82-99 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Salt and drought stress exhibits oxidative stress and modulated protein patterns in roots and leaves of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) HJ Shareef, JM Al-Khayri Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 117 (1), 1-10 , 2021 2021 Citations: 19
Adapting date palm offshoots to long-term irrigation using groundwater in sandy soil HJ Shareef, AS Alhamd, SA Naqvi, MA Eissa Folia Oecologica 48 (1), 55-62 , 2021 2021 Citations: 14
Solni in sušni stres se izražata kot oksidacijski stres in vplivata na vzorce beljakovin v koreninah in listih dateljeve palme (Phoenix dactylifera L.) HJ SHAREEF, JM AL-KHAYRI 2021
Photooxidative Stress Modulation of Endogenous Phytohormone and Antioxidant Accumulations and Fruit Maturity in Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) HJ Shareef, JM Al-Khayri Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 39 (4), 1616-1624 , 2020 2020 Citations: 10
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Foliar nano-fertilization enhances fruit growth, maturity and biochemical responses of date palm HJ Shareef, R Al-Yahyai, AEDK Omar, WA Barus Canadian Journal of Plant Science , 2020 2020 Citations: 41
Change in photosynthetic pigments of Date palm offshoots under abiotic stress factors HJ Shareef, G Abdi, S Fahad FOLIA OECOLOGICA 47 (1) , 2020 2020 Citations: 34
Calcium application mitigates salt stress in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) offshoots cultivars of Berhi and Sayer Jasim A. M., M. F. Abbas, H. J. Shareef Acta agriculturae Slovenica 107 (1), 103-112 , 2016 2016 Citations: 29
Role of Sulphur in salinity tolerance of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) offshoots cvs. Berhi and Sayer. Abbas, M. F., A. M. Jasim, H. J.Shareef International Journal of Agricultural and Food Science, 5 (3), 92-97. , 2015 2015 Citations: 26
Influence of cold pretreatment on shoot regeneration from callus in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv.‘Barhee’ AMW Al-Mayahi, AH Ali, HJ Shareef Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 16 (2), 607-612 , 2018 2018 Citations: 22
Salt and drought stress exhibits oxidative stress and modulated protein patterns in roots and leaves of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) HJ Shareef, JM Al-Khayri Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 117 (1), 1-10 , 2021 2021 Citations: 19
Salicylic acid and potassium nitrate promote flowering through modulating the hormonal levels and protein pattern of date palm Phoenix dactylifera ‘Sayer’ offshoot HJ Shareef Acta agriculturae Slovenica 114 (2), 231–238 , 2019 2019 Citations: 18
Foliar nutrition of date palm: advances and applications. A review HJ Shareef, IH Al-Tememi, G Abdi Folia Oecologica 48 (1), 82-99 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Enhancing Fruit Set and Productivity in Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Berhi Cultivar Using Boron and Potassium, Shareef, H. J. J. Environ. Sci. Comp. Sci. Engin. Technol. 5 (2), 108-114 , 2016 2016 Citations: 17
Organic fertilizer modulates IAA and ABA levels and biochemical reactions of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Hillawi cultivar under salinity conditions HJ Shareef Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology 8 (1), 24-30 , 2020 2020 Citations: 16
Adapting date palm offshoots to long-term irrigation using groundwater in sandy soil HJ Shareef, AS Alhamd, SA Naqvi, MA Eissa Folia Oecologica 48 (1), 55-62 , 2021 2021 Citations: 14
Foliar iron and zinc nano-fertilizers enhance growth, mineral uptake, and antioxidant defense in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seedlings HJ Shareef, AYL Hzaa, NI Elsheery Folia Oecologica 50 (2), 185-195 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Effect of desiccation and Cold hardening on germination of Somatic embryos in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Berhi cultivar in vitro Hussein Shareef, Ahmed M. W. AL-Mayahi, Abdulrahman D.Alhamd Advances in Applied Science Research 7 (3), 58-64 · , 2016 2016 Citations: 11
Photooxidative Stress Modulation of Endogenous Phytohormone and Antioxidant Accumulations and Fruit Maturity in Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) HJ Shareef, JM Al-Khayri Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 39 (4), 1616-1624 , 2020 2020 Citations: 10
Improving the germination of somatic embryos in date palm Berhi cultivar in vitro DA ,.Shareef, H. J., Khaun, A. M., Abdulrahman Int. J. Agron. Agric. Res 8 (1), 17-23 , 2016 2016 Citations: 9
Response of date palm offshoots (Phoenix dactylifera L.) to the foliar spray of salicylic acid and citric acid under salinity conditions HJ Shareef, MF Abbas, AM Jasim Folia Oecologica 49 (2), 130–136 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Effect of spraying with urea and NPK on production of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Khidrawi H J Shareef Basrah Journal for Date Palm Research 10 (1), 56-67 , 2011 2011 Citations: 8
Effect of Spraying with Urea and NPK on Some Chemical Characteristics and Ripening of Date Palm Fruits HJ Shareef Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences) 37 (4B) , 2011 2011 Citations: 7
Desiccation and Cold Hardening of Date Palm Somatic Embryos Improve Germination HJ Shareef Date Palm Biotechnology Protocols Volume I. Methods in Molecular Biology … , 2017 2017 Citations: 6
Molecular Analysis of Anti-salinity Compounds on Date Palm offshoots (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars using RAPD techniques HJ .Shareef, AM Jasim, MF Abbas J. Environ. Sci. Comp. Sci. Engin. Techno 6 (1), 61-71. , 2017 2017 Citations: 6
