Rafat Sasany
@birunidis.com/index.php/en/homepage
prosthodontic
Prosthodontics, Researcher
EDUCATION
Dentist
Prosthodontics
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Nihan Kaya, Rafat Sasany, Nuran Yanıkoglu, and Busra Tosun
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractThe aim of this study is to assess color stability, solubility, and water sorption on polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyether ketone ketone (PEKK) after immersion in different storage conditions. Material and Methods Ninety disc-shaped specimens (8 × 2) were obtained from CAD/CAM blocks [PEEK (n = 45) and PEKK (n = 45)]. Before immersion, baseline color value data were recorded with a spectrophotometer. The specimens were soaked in three solutions red wine, coffee, and distilled water at 37 °C for 28 days. Following immersion, color values were remeasured, and color-change values (ΔE) were calculated. Water sorption and solubility were assessed by mass gain or loss after storage in water for 28 days. The Kruskal–Wallis and the Mann–Whitney U test were used for analysis (P = 0.05). Results ΔE00 between PEEK and PEKK was significantly different statistically (P < 0.001). PEEK presented higher water sorption than PEKK (P = 0.005). The difference in solubility between PEEK and PEKK was not statistically significant (P = 0.163). The materials and storage medium types had a statistically significant impact (P = 0.100). In terms of staining potential, the solutions tested in this experiment were ranked as: coffee > red wine > distilled water. The results of this study demonstrated that PEKK was more successful in polymer-containing CAD/CAM materials as it exhibited less color change and water absorption.
Rafat Sasany, Mustafa Borga Donmez, Marcella Silva de Paula, Çiğdem Kahveci, Gözlem Ceylan, Burak Yilmaz, and Gülce Çakmak
Wiley
AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) application on the stainability and translucency of computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) materials after coffee thermocycling (CTC).Materials and MethodsDisk‐shaped specimens (Ø10 × 1 mm; N = 200) were fabricated by using additively (Crowntec [CT] and Varseo Smile Crown Plus [VS]) and subtractively manufactured (Brilliant Crios [RCR], CEREC Block [FC], and Vita Enamic [VE]) CAD‐CAM materials and polished. All specimens were randomly divided into two groups as alum applied and control (n = 10). All specimens were then subjected to CTC (10,000 cycles at 5–55°C) and color coordinates were measured at each time interval. Color differences (ΔE00) and relative translucency parameters (RTPs) were calculated and the data were statistically analyzed (a = 0.05).ResultsAmong tested time intervals, alum applied specimens had their lowest ΔE00 after alum application (p ≤ 0.006), except for FC (p = 0.177). In addition, alum applied RCR had lower ΔE00 values than its control specimens (p = 0.029). Alum applied specimens had their lowest RTP after CTC (p < 0.001) and alum application decreased the RTP of CT (p = 0.010). CTC reduced the RTP of all materials in control groups (p < 0.001). Alum applied CT had higher RTP than its control specimens (p = 0.049).ConclusionsAlum application's effect on color change varied depending on the material and alum mostly resulted in clinically acceptable changes in translucency. CTC led to unacceptable color and translucency changes based on previously reported threshold values.Clinical SignificanceOptical properties of CAD‐CAM materials and the sustainability of these properties over time is critical for longevity. Alum may improve the color stability of reinforced composite resin when subjected to long‐term coffee consumption.
Rafat Sasany and Burak Yilmaz
Wiley
PURPOSE
To assess the effect of CAD-CAM technique (monolithic, CAD-on, or CAD-on cemented) and thermomechanical fatigue on the marginal discrepancy and fracture load of ceramic crowns.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 90 brass master dies were fabricated to investigate marginal adaptation and fracture load. A mandibular first molar crown's median measurements were loaded into CAD software and divided into 2 crown design groups: Monolithic (M)(IPS e.max zirCAD)(n = 30) or CAD-on core (IPS e.max zirCAD) and lithium disilicate veneer (IPS e.max CAD) (n = 60). The crowns and cores were milled, seated on their respective dies, and marginal discrepancy values were measured by using microcomputed tomography. After veneers were milled, the cores in veneer groups were divided into 2 groups; veneers bonded with fusion glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD Crystal) in CAD-on group (CO) and CAD-on cemented group (CO-C) where veneers were cemented (RelyX U200) onto cores (CO-C). The marginal discrepancy measurements were remade and the crowns were subjected to thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) by using a chewing simulator and thermocycling (5-55°C, 1,200,000 cycles). Marginal discrepancy measurements were repeated and the crowns were subjected to fracture load test by using a universal test device. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference test (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
All crown groups had similar marginal discrepancy before veneering. Veneering and cementation on die increased the marginal discrepancy of crowns in cemented CAD-on group. Thermomechanical fatigue increased the marginal discrepancy of both CAD-on groups. Monolithic crown group had the lowest marginal discrepancy after thermomechanical fatigue (P<0.001), and the highest fracture load (P<0.001) CONCLUSIONS: Fabrication technique affected the marginal fit and fracture load of CAD-CAM crowns after thermomechanical fatigue. All crowns survived the thermomechanical fatigue test without dislodgement or fracture. Monolithic crowns had the best fit and highest fracture load after fatigue testing. The CAD-on systems had similar marginal discrepancies, and static loading reproduced veneer chipping. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Rafat Sasany, Tan Fırat Eyüboğlu, and Mutlu Özcan
MDPI AG
The current study investigated the effect of boric acid (H3BO3) nanosized powder on the optical properties of a Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD-CAM) polymer infiltrated ceramic material. Specimens (n = 60), (15 × 8 × 1.5 mm3) were fabricated from a polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PINC) (Vita Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik, VITA-shade scale A2). Boric acid (B) nano powder was applied to Vita Enamic in half of the specimens (n = 30), while the other half was left untreated (NB) (n = 30). Aging for all specimens was performed for 5 h at 134 °C. Color coordinates (L*, a*, and b*) before and after aging were measured to calculate the color change (ΔE00) and the translucency parameter (TP) within and between the B and NB groups. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of boric acid on all color parameters (α = 0.05). Only L* increased in B after aging (p < 0.001). L* and b* significantly changed after aging in NB (p < 0.001). Boric acid application affected the color change within the ceramic after aging (p < 0.001). The mean color change (ΔE00) in B after aging was significantly smaller than the color change in NB after aging (p < 0.001). The color difference between B and NB increased after aging (p < 0.001). No significant effect of aging was found on TP of B (p = 0.143). The TP of NB significantly decreased after aging (p < 0.001). The use of boric acid provided color stability and translucency on aged tested material.
Rafat Sasany and Burak Yilmaz
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Gülce Çakmak, Canan Akay, Mustafa Borga Donmez, Emre Mumcu, Handan Sevim Akan, Rafat Sasany, Samir Abou-Ayash, and Burak Yilmaz
MDPI AG
Potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) is a known adjuvant, which has been used as a mordant in textile industry for color fixation. This material has potential to be incorporated into dentistry for color stability, yet its toxicity first needs to be evaluated. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) on fibroblasts when applied onto feldspathic ceramic before and after thermocycling. Forty-eight feldspathic ceramic specimens were divided into four groups (FC: no alum application or thermocycling; FCT: thermocycling without alum application; FA: alum application without thermocycling; FAT: alum application and thermocycling) (n = 12). Cell viability was assessed by using a tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphnyltetrazolium bromide assay at 24 and 72 h, and cell cultures without any ceramic specimens served as control (C). One sample from each material group was further analyzed with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Cell viability at different time intervals within each group was analyzed with Friedman tests, while Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare the test groups within each time interval. Pairwise comparisons were further resolved by using Wilcoxon tests (a = 0.05). C had lower (p = 0.01) and FA had higher (p = 0.019) cell viability after 72 h. After 24 h, the highest cell viability was observed in C (p ≤ 0.036). After 72 h, the differences between C and FA, C and FAT, FC and FA, and FCT and FAT were nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Cell viability was not affected by alum application or thermocycling at any time interval (p ≥ 0.631). EDX analysis showed an increase in potassium concentration in FA and FAT when compared with FC and FCT. Regardless of the time interval, alum application onto feldspathic ceramic and thermocycling did not influence the cell viability.
Rafat Sasany, Göknil Ergün Kunt, and Mehmet Faruk Koca
SAGE Publications
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different polishing systems on the colour stability of different laminate veneer blocks for chair-side CAD-CAM after ultraviolet (UV) ageing. Methods: About 240 sample (13 × 13 × 0.7) were prepared from four different CAD-CAM blocks IPS e.max CAD (IP), IPS Empress CAD (IE), Mark II (M) and Lava Ultimate (LU)) with A1 shade. Each group was divided into five subgroups ( n = 12) according to the control (C) and four different polishing system: Sof-Lex (S), Edenta (E), Identoflex (I) and Zircon Brite (Z). Surface roughnesses (Ra) were measured by a profilometer before and after polishing. The baseline colour values were recorded according to the CIELab system. The colour coordinates (L*, a* and b*) of the samples were measured before and after UV ageing, and colour differences (ΔE00) were calculated by using the CIEDE2000 colour difference formula. A two-way ANOVA and Tukey test methods were used to analyse the data (α = 0.05). Results: A significant interaction was observed between CAD-CAM blocks and polishing system ( p < 0.001). The higher Ra and colour difference was calculated in LU in the Z group after polished and the lower Ra and colour difference was calculated in the IP in the S group after polished. For the IP group, the glazing procedure showed higher Ra and ΔE values with Z group than polished S system, whereas there is no statistical differences. Conclusion: It is concluded that polishing with the Sof-Lex system improves significantly smoothness and colour stability. However, there is no success in using the Zircon Brite polishing system.
Goknil Ergun-Kunt, Rafat Sasany, Mehmet Faruk Koca, and Mutlu Özcan
MDPI AG
In the current study, we evaluated the effects of heat treatment (by Er:YAG or furnace) and various surface treatments on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of silanized lithium disilicate ceramic. Seventy lithium disilicate (IPS e. max Press; Ivoclar Vivadent) and composite resin (Tetric N-Ceram; Ivoclar Vivadent) blocks were made and distributed into seven groups (n = 10) at random: S: silanization alone; ALS: airborne particle abrasion (APA) and silanization; SC: APA modified with silica and silanization; SHT1: silanization and heat treatment by Er:YAG; SHT2: silanization and heat treatment performed in the furnace (100 °C, 1 min); HF: etching with HF; and HFS: etching with HF and silanization. Every ceramic specimen was cemented to a composite resin block after surface treatment. Cemented specimens were embedded into acrylic resin and were tested with the μTBS test. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tamhane T2 tests (α = 0.05). The SHT1 group had the highest bond of strength compared to the other groups (27.46 MPa). The ALS group had the lowest strength of the groups (15.56 MPa). Between SHT2 and HFS (p = 1), the comparison of the mean µTBS values showed no significant differences. It was concluded that silane heat treatment increased the resin composite–ceramic bond strength; however, within the terms of μTBS, the Er:YAG laser treatment was more successful than other surface treatment applications.
Rafat Sasany, Goknil Ergun‐Kunt, and Burak Yilmaz
Wiley
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mouth rinses on the color and translucency of three computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials in laminate veneer and crown thicknesses.
METHODS
Specimens from two different 5Y-TZP zirconia (InCoris TZI (IT), and Zirkonzahn (ZH)) and lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD [IC]) in two different thicknesses (0.7 mm for laminate veneer, and 1.5 mm for crown) were sectioned. All specimens were colored with an A2-shade liquid, and the baseline color values were recorded according to the CIELab system with a spectrophotometer. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 15) according to the immersion solution: two different mouth rinses, KL (Klorhex), and LI (Listerine, cool mint) for 180 hours. The color coordinates (L*, a*, b*) of the specimens were measured before and after immersion in a mouth rinse, and TP and ΔE00 color differences were calculated by using the CIEDE2000 color difference formula. A 3-way ANOVA, Bonferroni test, and 1-sample t tests were used to analyze the data (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
The 3-way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction of material, thickness, and mouth rinse for translucency parameter and color difference (ΔE00 ) data (p < 0.001). TP decreased for both zirconia materials in laminate veneer thickness when immersed in LI mouth rinse (p < 0.05). No difference was found among the TP mean values of three materials in crown thickness after immersed in mouth rinses (p > 0.826). Both zirconia materials immersed in LI showed greater discoloration than after immersed in KL (p < 0.05). A significant difference was found in color change values among three materials for the laminate veneer thickness after immersed in LI (p < 0.001). However, all color difference values were within the clinical acceptability threshold, except for when ZH in laminate veneer thickness was immersed in LI.
CONCLUSIONS
The color change of ZH zirconia with LI mouth rinse in laminate veneer thickness was high. For both zirconia ceramics, translucency decreased and the color was less stable in laminate veneer thickness after immersed in LI compared to the crown thickness.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The results of this in vitro study suggest that long-term use of alcohol-containing mouth rinse may alter the optical properties of tested CAD-CAM materials in tested laminate veneer thickness. For color stability with the long term use of tested mouth rinses, lithium disilicate may be preferred for both types of restorations.
Rafat Sasany, Duygu Saraç, and Mutlu Özcan
Informa UK Limited
Abstract This in vitro study aimed to investigate the bond strength and discoloration between the zirconia framework and veneer ceramic applied after liner and argon plasma treatment with two different techniques. A total of 200 zirconium substructures of 12 mm length, 10 mm width, and 0.7 mm thickness were divided into five subgroups for the application of different thicknesses of liner: C (no liner application), L1 (0.1 mm), L2 (0.2 mm), L3 (0.1 mm + 0.1 mm) and LA (0.1 mm + 0.1 mm + argon plasma). The zirconia substructures were fabricated by two different techniques (A: layering, B: press-on). The specimens of the three subgroups Control, Group L3, and Group LA were tested for color difference. Color parameters were measured using a spectrophotometer before and after thermal cycling, and differences (CIEDE 2000 [ΔE00]) were calculated. The shear bond strength was applied to all subgroups using a universal testing machine. The data were analyzed statistically using the Shapiro–Wilk, Levene, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The interface and fractured surfaces of the specimens were also evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Significant differences were found between the groups (p < 0.05) in terms of shear bond strength and color differences (p < 0.001). Group LA showed significantly higher bond strength and color stability than the other groups (p < 0.001). The results of the study demonstrated that the application of liner and argon plasma between the upper and lower structures of all-ceramic systems significantly affects the bond strength and final colour of the restorations.
R. Sasany, G. Ceylan, M. Koca and A. Koroglu
In this study, the effects of boric acid addition to the veneer ceramics and treatment of the ceramic cores immersed in potassium nitrate solution were evaluated to reduce the micro cracks that may occur in the internal structure of the ceramic, increase the mechanical properties and improve the chemical bonding strength of core ceramics. In the data obtained after the experiment, the average MPa values showed statistically significant differences according to the groups (p⟨0.001). The average value in the control group (C) was lower than the others. There was no statistically significant between the mean values of the boric acid application in the veneer ceramic (IB) group and zirconia core immersed in the potassium nitrate solution (IN) group. The highest mean values were observed between the veneer ceramic and the zirconia core by application of boric acid and potassium nitrate (IBN) group. As a result potassium nitrate and boric acid application affects the bond strength between zirconia core and veneer ceramic and increases mechanical properties of ceramics.