Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho

@brin.go.id

National Research and Inovation Agency
Research Centre for Ecology and Etnobiology

Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho was born in Yogjakarta, Indonesia on November 7, 1967. After completing high school in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, he continued his studies at the Bogor Agricultural Institute (IPB) in 1985. He graduated from IPB in March 1991 receiving a Bachelor's degree Forestry. In 1998 he received a scholarship from the Indonesian government to study in the field of watershed management, at the Bogor Agricultural Institute (IPB), Bogor, Indonesia and obtained a Master of Science degree in 2000. Furthermore, in 2010 he received a scholarship from Tropenbos International, to complete the Doctoral Program at the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, The Netherlands and obtain a doctorate degree in 2019. From March 1993 to February 2022, he worked as a researcher at the Agency for Research and Development and Innovation, Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Starting March 1, 2022, he is working as an associate researcher at the Na

EDUCATION

Doctor of Natural Resource from Faculty of Geoinformation Science and Earth Management, University of Twente, The Netherlands (2019).
Theses title : Engaging with adat people in sustainable forest management

Master of Science of Watershed Management, from Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia (2000)
Theses title : Evaluation of Land Management Impact on Stream-Flow Quality and Farmer Income in Gobeh Sub Watershed, Wonogiri, Central Java

Bachelor degree. Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia (1991)
Theses title :Insectivores birds in Sengon Stands in PTP XI Cigudeg and Surrounding Areas

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Hydrology and Soil and Water Conservation, Community development, Conservation and Forest Influence, Renewable energy, Ecosystem services

Scopus Publications

726

Scholar Citations

Scholar h-index

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

Exploring the complex relationship of flood influences in Upper Serayu River Basin
Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Yonky Indrajaya, Nugroho Christanto, Nana Sudiana, Ogi Setiawan, Luthfi Hanindityasari, Endang Savitri, Nining Wahyuningrum, Nur Anisa Nadhira, Novi Anjani,et al.
IOP Publishing
Abstract Flooding is a process that occurs from many factors interrelated each other to form a complex relationship. Situated within an area characterized by mountainous topography, land use for intensive vegetable farming activities, and high rainfall, the Upper Serayu River Basin provides an interesting case study to investigate the multifaceted nature of flood events. This paper investigates the complex and multifaceted relationships that exist in the upstream Serayu River Basin in flood-prone areas, aiming to reveal the complexities that drive flood events. The method used in this study is to compare the flood vulnerability results analysis with the flood events in the upstream Serayu River Basin. The results show that the determination of flood vulnerability using land cover, land system, and maximum daily rainfall factors has not given an optimal analysis. Adding the slope factor to the flood analysis gives better and more accurate results, even though the slope factor has been represented by the land system.

Micro Hydro Power Site Characterization in Indonesia: Variable Optimization for Site Selection Using GeoDetector and RFE-Random Forest
D Auliyani, O Setiawan, H Y S H Nugroho, N Wahyuningrum, K S Hardjo, G A Videllisa, A F Insani, L N Lailiyya, Istiqomatunnisa, and N Ardiyanti
IOP Publishing
Abstract Micro hydropower (MHP) systems are a promising alternative renewable and sustainable energy source to conventional fossil fuels, particularly in regions with abundant water resources like Indonesia. The success of MHP initiatives is contingent upon identifying suitable sites and remains challenging related to influencing parameters in site selection for the regional/national scale. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the essential influencing variables for MHP site selection by evaluating multiple variables related to the existing MHPs. The method used for analysis was the GeoDetector and Recursive Feature Elimination-Random Forest (RFE-RF) approach in the Geographic Information System (GIS) framework. Combining GeoDetector and RFE-RF models proves to be a potent tool for essential influencing variables screening in MHP site selection. The eight essential variables were obtained, down from nineteen original variables, with a better performance statistically. This hybrid approach considers spatial patterns in data for variable selection, ensuring alignment with the chosen machine learning method. This study result is expected to assist decision-makers in the preliminary evaluation stage of MHP site exploration and promote Indonesia’s transition to a cleaner, more renewable energy future and participatory forest conservation.

Water Pollution of Some Major Rivers in Indonesia: The Status, Institution, Regulation, and Recommendation for Its Mitigation
Tyas Mutiara Basuki, Dewi Retna Indrawati, Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Irfan Budi Pramono, Ogi Setiawan, Nunung Puji Nugroho, Firda Maftukhakh Hilmya Nada, Ryke Nandini, Endang Savitri, Rahardyan Nugroho Adi,et al.
HARD Publishing Company
: River water pollution is a significant environmental problem in Indonesia. On the other hand, river water is an important source of drinking water. Therefore, clean and safe water has become a priority program of the Government and is parallel with the international agreement known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Rapid population growth and industrialization cause inadequate access to safe water; only 73% of Indonesian people can access safe water. This review paper aims to present a comprehensive discussion concerning water pollution in four big rivers, i.e., Siak, Citarum, Bengawan Solo, and Brantas Rivers, that have experienced pollution and provide alternative solutions to mitigate the pollution. Data were collected from related institutions, governments’ regulations, the authors’ experiences, and literature studies. Developing a riparian zone with multiple ecological services and introducing Internet of Things (IoT) devices that monitor and provide real-time water quality information is essential for mitigating river water pollution. Law enforcement is an alternative method to reduce point-source pollutants from industries. Non-point source pollutants from domestic and agricultural wastes may be reduced through spreading awareness and implementing personal and environmental hygiene, involving the community in designing, as well as monitoring and evaluating water quality. Those approaches should be accompanied by proper institutions, regulations, and policies.

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare
Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Yonky Indrajaya, Satria Astana, Murniati, Sri Suharti, Tyas Mutiara Basuki, Tri Wira Yuwati, Pamungkas Buana Putra, Budi Hadi Narendra, Luthfy Abdulah,et al.
MDPI AG
Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with 17,000 islands of varying sizes and elevations, from lowlands to very high mountains, stretching more than 5000 km eastward from Sabang in Aceh to Merauke in Papua. Although occupying only 1.3% of the world’s land area, Indonesia possesses the third-largest rainforest and the second-highest level of biodiversity, with very high species diversity and endemism. However, during the last two decades, Indonesia has been known as a country with a high level of deforestation, a producer of smoke from burning forests and land, and a producer of carbon emissions. The aim of this paper is to review the environmental history and the long process of Indonesian forest management towards achieving environmental sustainability and community welfare. To do this, we analyze the milestones of Indonesian forest management history, present and future challenges, and provide strategic recommendations toward a viable Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) system. Our review showed that the history of forestry management in Indonesia has evolved through a long process, especially related to contestation over the control of natural resources and supporting policies and regulations. During the process, many efforts have been applied to reduce the deforestation rate, such as a moratorium on permitting primary natural forest and peat land, land rehabilitation and soil conservation, environmental protection, and other significant regulations. Therefore, these efforts should be maintained and improved continuously in the future due to their significant positive impacts on a variety of forest areas toward the achievement of viable SFM. Finally, we conclude that the Indonesian government has struggled to formulate sustainable forest management policies that balance economic, ecological, and social needs, among others, through developing and implementing social forestry instruments, developing and implementing human resource capacity, increasing community literacy, strengthening forest governance by eliminating ambiguity and overlapping regulations, simplification of bureaucracy, revitalization of traditional wisdom, and fair law enforcement.

Land Cover Change and Food Security in Central Sumba: Challenges and Opportunities in the Decentralization Era in Indonesia
Yohanis Ngongo, Bernard deRosari, Tony Basuki, Gerson Ndawa Njurumana, Yudistira Nugraha, Alfonsus Hasudungan Harianja, Mohammad Ardha, Kustiyo Kustiyo, Rizatus Shofiyati, Raden Bambang Heryanto,et al.
MDPI AG
This study focuses on land cover and land management changes in relation to food security and environmental services in a semi-arid area of East Nusa Tenggara (ENT), Indonesia. The study was conducted in the Central Sumba District of ENT province. A classification and regression tree (CART) for land cover classification was analyzed using machine learning techniques through the implementation of the Google Earth Engine. A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) survey followed by in-depth interviews was conducted for primary data collection, involving a total of 871 respondents. The socio-economic data were statistically analyzed descriptively using non-parametric tests. The study showed that (1) there has been a substantial change in land use during the devolution era that has both positive and negative implications for food security and environmental services; (2) there has been population pressure in fertile and agricultural land as a direct impact of the development of city infrastructure; and (3) national intervention through the Food Estate program has fostered and shaped land use change and land management in the Central Sumba District. The study highlights the importance of the devolution spirit in aiding the management of limited arable/agricultural land in predominantly semi-arid areas to ensure food security and environmental services.

Incorporating Traditional Knowledge into Science-Based Sociotechnical Measures in Upper Watershed Management: Theoretical Framework, Existing Practices and the Way Forward
Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Markus Kudeng Sallata, Merryana Kiding Allo, Nining Wahyuningrum, Agung Budi Supangat, Ogi Setiawan, Gerson Ndawa Njurumana, Wahyudi Isnan, Diah Auliyani, Fajri Ansari,et al.
MDPI AG
In Indonesia, 2145 watersheds currently need to be restored, where around 21 million people spread over ± 23,000 villages live below the poverty line with a high dependence on forests. This condition requires an integrated approach in watershed management, which is aimed at technically restoring environmental conditions and ensuring the welfare of the people in it. One of the strategic approaches that can be taken is to revive local wisdom and traditional knowledge (TK), which has been eroded and neglected, and integrate them with technical approaches based on modern science and knowledge. Based on the author’s research and literature studies, this paper discusses the theoretical framework and implementation practices in integrating traditional knowledge into a science-based sociotechnical system to manage upstream watersheds sustainably. Based on the empirical evidence, efforts to create good biophysical and socio-economic watershed conditions can only be achieved through the active participation of farmers in adopting and integrating scientific technology into their traditional knowledge. This integration is realized in designing and implementing watershed management technology by considering the principles of suitability, applicability, feasibility, and acceptability. In the long term, it is necessary to document TK, patent it, and transfer it to the next generation to ensure that indigenous peoples’ and local communities’ social, cultural, and economic interests are protected.

Effect of size and additives on the decomposition process and nutrient content of urban organic waste compost
Nardy Noerman Najib, Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Wahyudi Isnan, and Muh. Saad
IOP Publishing
Abstract To participate in overcoming the problem of 500 tons of organic waste per day in Makassar City, in 2017-2019 Environment and Forestry Research and Development Institute of Macassar conducted research activities to develop community-based organic waste management models for pollution control and urban farming development. One of the activities is making compost from urban litter using a shredding machine to speed up the decomposition process, and mixing household waste rich in N, P, K and micro nutrients to increase the nutrient content of the compost. Observations showed that the litter mincing process significantly accelerated the decomposition process. Furthermore, the addition of nutrient-rich material from household waste into compost material has increased the nutrient content of compost which is higher than the SNI standard, thereby increasing the competitive value of compost against factory-made chemical fertilizers. These two activities have an impact on increasing public interest in managing urban organic waste to reduce pollution while developing urban farming.

Mainstreaming Ecosystem Services from Indonesia’s Remaining Forests
Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Fitri Nurfatriani, Yonky Indrajaya, Tri Wira Yuwati, Sulistya Ekawati, Mimi Salminah, Hendra Gunawan, Subarudi Subarudi, Markus Kudeng Sallata, Merryana Kiding Allo,et al.
MDPI AG
With 120 million hectares of forest area, Indonesia has the third largest area of biodiversity-rich tropical forests in the world, and it is well-known as a mega-biodiversity country. However, in 2020, only 70 percent of this area remained forested. The government has consistently undertaken corrective actions to achieve Sustainable Development Goal targets, with a special focus on Goals #1 (no poverty), #2 (zero hunger), #3 (good health and well-being), #7 (affordable and clean energy), #8 (decent work and economic growth), #13 (climate action), and #15 (life on land). Good environmental governance is a core concept in Indonesia’s forest management and includes mainstreaming ecosystem services as a framework for sustainable forest management. This paper analyzes efforts to mainstream Indonesia’s remaining forest ecosystem services. We review the state of Indonesia’s forests in relation to deforestation dynamics, climate change, and ecosystem service potential and options and provide recommendations for mainstreaming strategies regarding aspects of policy, planning, and implementation, as well as the process of the articulation of ecosystem services and their alternative funding.

Improvement of Integrated Watershed Management in Indonesia for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change: A Review
Tyas Mutiara Basuki, Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Yonky Indrajaya, Irfan Budi Pramono, Nunung Puji Nugroho, Agung Budi Supangat, Dewi Retna Indrawati, Endang Savitri, Nining Wahyuningrum, Purwanto,et al.
MDPI AG
Climate change is a major challenge for Indonesia due to its impact on food, water, energy sustainability, and environmental health. Almost all Indonesian regions are exposed to floods, landslides, soil erosion, drought, and heavy rains. In response to these challenges, the Government of Indonesia has determined integrated watershed management (IWM) to be one of the key programs to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as stated in the updated Indonesian nationally determined contribution (NDC). This paper intends to review Indonesia′s efforts in mitigating and adapting to climate change through an IWM approach, and its attempts to realize a decent life and environment for all communities. Improvement of the IWM can be conducted by strengthening the synergy between the responsible institutions for watershed management and the responsible institutions for handling mitigation and adaptation of climate change impacts. In addition, it is important to prioritize coordination, participation, and collaboration not only at the national government level but also at the international level, since numerous problems may exist in the transboundary between countries, and finding solutions should involve planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. Implementing the micro watershed model (MWM), supported by culture, local wisdom, and traditional knowledge in communities, can be used to improve the current IWM.

Mainstreaming Smart Agroforestry for Social Forestry Implementation to Support Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia: A Review
Dona Octavia, Sri Suharti, Murniati, I Wayan Susi Dharmawan, Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Bambang Supriyanto, Dede Rohadi, Gerson Ndawa Njurumana, Irma Yeny, Aditya Hani,et al.
MDPI AG
The increasing need for forest resources and cultivated land requires a solution in forest management to realize sustainable land use. Smart agroforestry (SAF) is a set of agriculture and silviculture knowledge and practices that is aimed at not only increasing profits and resilience for farmers but also improving environmental parameters, including climate change mitigation and adaptation, biodiversity enhancement, and soil and water conservation, while assuring sustainable landscape management. SAF, a solution for land management systems to reduce the rate of deforestation, is a smart effort to overcome the food crisis and mitigate climate change that is prospectively applied mainly in the social forestry area. Optimized forest land utilization could be achieved by implementing SAF and applying silvicultural and crop cultivation techniques to optimize productivity and meet sustainability and adaptability goals. This paper reviews the existing conditions, opportunities, and challenges in the mainstreaming of SAF in social forestry implementation to support the Sustainable Development Goals in Indonesia. Mainstreaming SAF should include policy innovation and regulation implementation, the use of appropriate technology, and compromises or trade-offs among benefits, risks, and resources. SAF is a strategy to revive the rural economy and community prosperity through the optimal use of local resources as well as a form of smart landscape and land-use management that has significant roles in soil and water conservation, bioenergy, climate change responses, and enhanced biodiversity conservation.

Toward Water, Energy, and Food Security in Rural Indonesia: A Review
Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Dewi Retna Indrawati, Nining Wahyuningrum, Rahardyan Nugroho Adi, Agung Budi Supangat, Yonky Indrajaya, Pamungkas Buana Putra, Sigit Andy Cahyono, Agung Wahyu Nugroho, Tyas Mutiara Basuki,et al.
MDPI AG
Indonesia is an archipelago with significant variations in natural resources, infrastructure, socioeconomic, culture, human resource capacity, accessibility, and access to financial and technical assistance. In this situation, integrated and unique efforts are needed to manage natural resources and build synergy between their protection and utilization to achieve water, energy, and food (WEF) security in accordance with the SDG targets. This paper analyzes the implementations of the WEF nexus in rural Indonesia by examining existing legal frameworks and other related policies, journals, textbooks, and publications. We explore factors influencing the success and failure of the implementation of the WEF nexus approaches from technical, socioeconomic, cultural, political, and institutional perspectives of the rural development framework.

Tropical Forest Landscape Restoration in Indonesia: A Review
Yonky Indrajaya, Tri Wira Yuwati, Sri Lestari, Bondan Winarno, Budi Hadi Narendra, Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Dony Rachmanadi, Pratiwi, Maman Turjaman, Rahardyan Nugroho Adi,et al.
MDPI AG
Indonesia has the second-largest biodiversity of any country in the world. Deforestation and forest degradation have caused a range of environmental issues, including habitat degradation and loss of biodiversity, deterioration of water quality and quantity, air pollution, and increased greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change. Forest restoration at the landscape level has been conducted to balance ecological integrity and human well-being. Forest restoration efforts are also aimed at reducing CO2 emissions and are closely related to Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) from the forestry sector. The purpose of this paper is to examine the regulatory, institutional, and policy aspects of forest restoration in Indonesia, as well as the implementation of forest restoration activities in the country. The article was written using a synoptic review approach to Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR)-related articles and national experiences. Failures, success stories, and criteria and indicators for forest restoration success are all discussed. We also discuss the latest silvicultural techniques for the success of the forest restoration program. Restoration governance in Indonesia has focused on the wetland ecosystem such as peatlands and mangroves, but due to the severely degraded condition of many forests, the government has by necessity opted for active restoration involving the planting and establishment of livelihood options. The government has adapted its restoration approach from the early focus on ecological restoration to more forest landscape restoration, which recognizes that involving the local community in restoration activities is critical for the success of forest restoration.

Forty Years of Soil and Water Conservation Policy, Implementation, Research and Development in Indonesia: A Review
Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Tyas Mutiara Basuki, Irfan Budi Pramono, Endang Savitri, Purwanto, Dewi Retna Indrawati, Nining Wahyuningrum, Rahardyan Nugroho Adi, Yonky Indrajaya, Agung Budi Supangat,et al.
MDPI AG
Dominated by mountainous topography, high rainfall, and erosion-sensitive soil types, and with the majority of its population living in rural areas as farmers, most of Indonesia’s watersheds are highly vulnerable to erosion. In 1984, the Government of Indonesia established 22 priority watersheds to be handled, which marked the start of formal soil and water conservation activities. Although it has not fully succeeded in improving watershed conditions from all aspects, something which is indicated by fluctuations in the area of degraded land, over the past 40 years the Indonesian government has systematically implemented various soil and water conservation techniques in various areas with the support of policies, laws and regulations, and research and development. These systematic efforts have shown positive results, with a 40% reduction in the area of degraded land over the last 15 years from 2004–2018. This paper reviews policy, implementation, and research and development of soil and water conservation activities in Indonesia over the last 40 years from the 1980s to 2020 and explores the dynamics of the activities.

Verifying Indigenous based-claims to forest rights using image interpretation and spatial analysis: a case study in Gunung Lumut Protection Forest, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Hunggul Y. S. H. Nugroho, Andrew Skidmore, and Yousif A. Hussin
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
AbstractThe decision of Indonesian’s constitutional court in May 2013, to review Law Number 41/1999 on Forestry, marked a significant step forward in Indonesian policy related to recognition of the rights of Indigenous people to forest. Under the decision, Indigenous forest is no longer considered State forest and rights to it should be granted to Indigenous communities inhabiting them as long as there is proof of their Indigenous status. However, at the implementation level, special measures are required to ascertain who is truly Indigenous. Bogus claims of indigeneity and rights to land are not uncommon. This paper examines the verification mechanism employed for spatial analysis to assess traditional knowledge and Indigenous law implementation as substantial evidences for Indigenous rights recognition to a forest area. We conducted a case study in the Gunung Lumut Protection Forest with two groups of Indigenous communities living around the forest using image interpretation and spatial analysis supported by socio-economic and cultural analysis. We also assessed the capacity and awareness of Indigenous communities to manage their forest. This case study illustrates that in general Indigenous people apply ancestral norms, beliefs and traditional knowledge and wisdom in managing their livelihoods and daily life. Nonetheless, increasing necessities of life, better accessibility, and socio-cultural assimilation has changed the Indigenous people’s behavior towards nature. Holistic approaches in transferring land rights, effective long-term engagement, and revitalization of Indigenous law in line with formal law enforcement, are among the essential measures that must be conducted systematically to ensure that the Indigenous forest remains and is sustainably managed for the benefit of the Indigenous community and the environment.

Citizen science: Realizing a participatory rain data management for flood disasters early warning systems and building disaster awareness from a very young age
H Y S H Nugroho, E Savitri, N Wahyuningrum, N Sudiana, Y Indrajaya, and N Christanto
IOP Publishing
Abstract According to official data from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), in 2021, flooding was Indonesia’s most frequent and destructive disaster. Thus, better disaster management, including early warning systems (EWS) and disaster mitigation based on accurate rainfall data, is essential. This paper was written based on preliminary research on the development of citizen science in Wonosobo and Banjarnegara regencies, Central Java, which aims to develop a very early warning system (VEWS) and community-based rainfall data management. Modified rain gauges are installed in elementary schools in the upstream Serayu watershed. Students, in turn, do data recording. This effort ensures continuity of observation, the introduction of science and technology, and increased literacy about floods and landslides and their mitigation. From the initial research, it can be stated that the integration of the citizen science model into compulsory subjects for elementary school children is very prospective for accelerating students’ understanding of subjects related to natural sciences. A citizen science approach that is carried out correctly is able to produce accurate rainfall data continuously. These two things are enabling factors for the effective and efficient implementation of the VEWS flood disaster in the upstream watershed.

Identification of the rain gauge stations for the participatory flood and landslide mitigation in the Serayu river basin, Central Java
E Savitri, N Wahyuningrum, H Y S H Nugroho, N Sudiana, Y Indrajaya, and N Christanto
IOP Publishing
Abstract Rainfall data is vital in analysing hydro-meteorological disasters, e.g., floods, landslides, or droughts. Currently, the location of climatological stations or rain gauges is preferred in areas that require climatological data, such as airports and near settlements. On the other hand, rainfall analysis for disaster mitigation purposes is more for remote areas, which are often far from the nearest rainfall station. This study aims to obtain accurate rainfall data through the placement of suited rain gauge locations and utilising community participation. The method used in this study is a literature review. This preliminary study was held upstream of the Serayu river basin, an area where it is usually challenging to access rainfall data. The references used are information about tropical rain, how to utilise a rain gauge network, and how to take advantage of community participation. The result shows that an Early Warning System should be developed in line with determining the location of the rain gauge because each location has a different rainfall threshold in each disaster. The placement of the rain gauge is strongly influenced by the landscape, the altitude of the place as well as the slope and aspect. For this study, the location of schools in remote areas is another parameter to determine the placement of a rain gauge since school children will be involved in the community participation.

Willingness to pay estimation of microhydro power plant user for hydrological ecosystem services in North Buton Wildlife Reserve Area
W Isnan, H Y S H Nugroho, and M Saad
IOP Publishing
Abstract One of community empowerment programs implemented by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry is the construction of a Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHP) for communities around forest areas. One of the environmental services provided by forests is hydrological benefit in the form of water source to drive MHP turbines. The existence of the perceived benefit will trigger public awareness to participate in preserving forest functions. Rewards for benefits generated from forests can be manifested through efforts to conserve water resources jointly between the community and the party that manages the area. In this regard, this research is conducted to determine the willingness to pay of MHP users around the North Buton wildlife reserve to maintain the MHP unit and support forest resource conservation activities. This study employes the contingent valuation method (CVM) to calculate the willingness to pay value. The results show that MHP users are willing to pay IDR 2,611.- for each kWh of electric power. The willingness to pay is influenced by the amount of electricity consumption and the amount of income of the respondent. If it is calculated based on the volume of water used, the total willingness to pay for environmental water service is IDR 414.-per 1 liter per second.

Restoration of degraded tropical peatland in indonesia: A review
Tri Wira Yuwati, Dony Rachmanadi, Pratiwi, Maman Turjaman, Yonky Indrajaya, Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Muhammad Abdul Qirom, Budi Hadi Narendra, Bondan Winarno, Sri Lestari,et al.
MDPI AG
Tropical peatlands are fragile ecosystems with an important role in conserving biodiversity, water quality and availability, preventing floods, soil intrusion, erosion and sedimentation, and providing a livelihood for people. However, due to illegal logging, fire and conversion into other land use, the peatlands in Indonesia are under serious threat. Efforts to restore Indonesia’s tropical peatlands have been accelerated by the establishment of the Peatland Restoration Agency in early 2016. The restoration action policy includes the rewetting, revegetation and revitalisation of local livelihood (known as the 3Rs). This paper summarises the regulatory, institutional and planning aspects of peatland restoration, in addition to the implementation of the 3Rs in Indonesia, including failures, success stories, and the criteria and indicators for the success of peatland restoration.

Effectiveness of soil and water conservation structures in increasing community perception and controlling erosion and sedimentation
H Y S H Nugroho, M K Sallata, W Isnan, M Saad, and A Hermawan
IOP Publishing
The increasing frequency of floods and landslides has prompted the Ministry of Environment and Forestry to intensify the construction of soil and water conservation (SWC) structures in various watersheds in Indonesia. However, the evidence on how the high-cost measure can effectively increase community perception and participation while controlling erosion and sedimentation is still limited. For this reason, this preliminary research was conducted in 2019 to observe community perception and assess the effectiveness of the SWC structures in controlling gully erosion and sedimentation. The activities carried out in the Jeneberang and Lisu Sub Watershedsconsisted of two parts: 1) social and economic data collectionand 2) observing the effectiveness of the SWC structures in controlling sedimentation. Based on the socio-economic survey, respondents in the Jeneberang showed a better understanding and higher incomes than respondents in the Lisu Sub Watershed, despite their lowereducation levels.These phenomena relateto the length of time the community has learnedfrom surrounding examples and the applied SWC techniques on their land.In terms of the effectiveness of SWC structures, more than half of the retaining dam and gully plug capacityhad been filled with sediment in just oneyear after construction and is expected to be full at the end of the rainy season.The leadingcause is the high erosion of the tillage area on both sides.As a suggestion, agricultural land in the catchment area needs to be managed by applying SWC techniques according to site conditions through incentives given to landowners.

A review on sustainability of watershed management in Indonesia
Budi Hadi Narendra, Chairil Anwar Siregar, I Wayan Susi Dharmawan, Asep Sukmana, Pratiwi, Irfan Budi Pramono, Tyas Mutiara Basuki, Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho, Agung Budi Supangat, Purwanto,et al.
MDPI AG
This paper provides an overview of the implementation and obstacles of watershed management, and the alternative solutions based on a synoptic review of related studies and experiences across Indonesia. The review found that problems in the institutional aspect were hierarchical confusion, discrepancy, and asynchrony among regulations, and weak (participation, synchronization, and coordination) among watershed management stakeholders. The weaknesses in the planning stage are integration among sectors, a lack of community participation, and limited readiness to integrate watershed planning into regional planning. Stakeholders’ involvement is also a critical factor in successful implementation of degraded watershed rehabilitation, including in peatland and mangrove areas. Failure should be minimized by providing adequate information on degraded watershed characteristics, appropriate species choices, and effective mechanical construction for soil and water conservation. Community participation as the main factor in driving watershed management should be achieved by strengthening public awareness of the importance of a sustainable watershed and providing access for the community to be involved in each stage of watershed management. Another problem is data gaps which are essential to address from the planning to evaluation stages. The gaps can be bridged by using remotely sensed data and by applying hydrological-based simulation models. Simplified criteria for watershed assessment may also be required, depending on site-specific issues and the watershed scale.

Agroforestry as policy option for forest-zone oil palm production in indonesia
Edi Purwanto, Hery Santoso, Idsert Jelsma, Atiek Widayati, Hunggul Y. S. H. Nugroho, and Meine van Noordwijk
MDPI AG
With 15–20% of Indonesian oil palms located, without a legal basis and permits, within the forest zone (‘Kawasan hutan’), international concerns regarding deforestation affect the totality of Indonesian palm oil export. ‘Forest zone oil palm’ (FZ-OP) is a substantive issue that requires analysis and policy change. While spatial details of FZ-OP remain contested, we review literature on (1) the legal basis of the forest zone and its conversion, (2) social stratification in oil palm production (large-scale, plasma and independent growers), and (3) environmental consequences of forest conversion to FZ-OP, before discussing policy options in a range of social and ecological contexts. Policy options range from full regularization (as FZ-OP stands could meet international forest definitions), to conditional acceptance of diversified smallholder plantings in ‘agroforestry concessions’, to gradually phasing out FZ-OP and eviction/destruction. A nuanced and differentiated approach to FZ-OP is needed, as certification of legality along supply chains is vulnerable to illegal levies and corruption. Corporate actors trading internationally can avoid use of uncertified raw materials, effectively shifting blame and depressing farmgate prices for domestic-market palm oil, but this will not return forest conditions or stop further forest conversion. We discuss an agenda for follow-up policy research.

Performance assessment of KOMBI, energy-saving biomass stove: A gender friendly technology for rural and semi urban communities
H Y S H Nugroho, M Saad, W Isnan, and A Suryaman
IOP Publishing
Abstract The rural population who can hardly afford kerosene and LPG relies heavily on traditional biomass such as fuelwood, charcoal, and crop residues for cooking. The cooking is generally carried out with open fire/traditional stoves such as three stones fire which is inefficient biomass combustion, draining natural resources and consuming a lot of time and energy. Moreover, incomplete combustion of biomass produces a lot of smoke that emit concentrated fumes containing carbon monoxide and particulate solid matter, as well as methane, non-methane hydrocarbons, and black carbon aerosols. It poses a health risk to women and children spending hours in a poorly ventilated kitchen. Since 2017, BP2LHK Makassar has been developing KOMBI (Kompor Biomasa), a biomass-fueled stove, a gender friendly technology, aimed to develop improved biomass cook-stoves to provide cleaner and efficient cooking energy solutions in rural and peri-urban/semi-urban areas. Made of galvanized plate and iron materials, KOMBI consists of two main parts namely a combustion tube and an air chamber that holds and channels air from a 12 Volt, 0.2 Ampere of 12x12 cm2 DC fan. For communities around forest areas that have not been reached by the National Electric Company, the use of KOMBI is synergized with the construction of Micro-hydro power or Solar cell. From the results of direct trials in rural communities, KOMBI showed advantages over traditional cooking stoves in terms of: minimalizing smoke, more efficient combustion, shortening cooking time, and reduce biomass usage significantly. Compared to the traditional stoves, KOMBI saves the use of wood in a ratio of 1:10 and speeds up cooking time by a ratio of 1:3. Aside from the amount of wood used, another advantage of KOMBI is that KOMBI can use small size of wood such as tree branches, dried leaves, cacao fruit skin, charcoal briquettes, and even corn cobs. With the calculation of cooking time in the household is an average of 4 hours/day, the cost of electricity consumption for cooking using KOMBI is equivalent to Rp 475,-/month.

Expansion of traditional land-use and deforestation: a case study of an adat forest in the Kandilo Subwatershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Hunggul Y. S. H. Nugroho, Anne van der Veen, Andrew K. Skidmore, and Yousif A. Hussin
Springer Science and Business Media LLC

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

Exploring the complex relationship of flood influences in Upper Serayu River Basin
HYSH Nugroho, Y Indrajaya, N Christanto, N Sudiana, O Setiawan, ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1438 (1), 012076 2025

Micro Hydro Power Site Characterization in Indonesia: Variable Optimization for Site Selection Using GeoDetector and RFE-Random Forest
D Auliyani, O Setiawan, H Nugroho, N Wahyuningrum, KS Hardjo, ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1357 (1), 012025 2024

Water Pollution of Some Major Rivers in Indonesia: The Status, Institution, Regulation, and Recommendation for Its Mitigation
TM Basuki, DR Indrawati, HYSH Nugroho, IB Pramono, O Setiawan, ...
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 33 (4), 3515-3530 2024

A suitability modeling based on geographic information system for potential micro hydropower dam site
O Setiawan, H Nugroho, N Wahyuningrum, D Auliyani, KS Hardjo
Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management 10 (2), 713-732 2024

A chronicle of Indonesia’s forest management: a long step towards environmental sustainability and community welfare
HYSH Nugroho, Y Indrajaya, S Astana, Murniati, S Suharti, TM Basuki, ...
Land 12 (6), 1238 2023

Land cover change and food security in central Sumba: challenges and opportunities in the decentralization era in Indonesia
Y Ngongo, B DeRosari, T Basuki, GN Njurumana, Y Nugraha, ...
Land 12 (5), 1043 2023

Does Indigenous Wisdom Still Exist? Toward the Involvement of Indigenous Peoples in Disaster Risk Reduction
HYSH Nugroho, DR Indrawati, Y Indrajaya, TW Yuwati
Indigenous Knowledge and Disaster Risk Reduction: Insight Towards Perception 2023

Effect of size and additives on the decomposition process and nutrient content of urban organic waste compost
NN Najib, HYSH Nugroho, W Isnan, M Saad
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1180 (1), 012043 2023

Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) dan Konservasi Tanah & Air, Menjaga Keseimbangan Air dan Tanah
MKS Hunggul Y.S.H. Nugroho, Indah Novita Dewi
2023

Land Cover Change and Food Security in Central Sumba: Chal-lenge and Opportunity in the Decentralization Era in Indonesia
JOMS Rawung, RE Senewe, H da Silva, RTP Hutapea, PR Mattitaputty, ...
2023

Citizen science: Realizing a participatory rain data management for flood disasters early warning systems and building disaster awareness from a very young age
H Nugroho, E Savitri, N Wahyuningrum, N Sudiana, Y Indrajaya, ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109 (1), 012015 2022

Identification of the rain gauge stations for the participatory flood and landslide mitigation in the Serayu river basin, Central Java
E Savitri, N Wahyuningrum, H Nugroho, N Sudiana, Y Indrajaya, ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1109 (1), 012007 2022

Mainstreaming ecosystem services from Indonesia’s remaining forests
HYSH Nugroho, F Nurfatriani, Y Indrajaya, TW Yuwati, S Ekawati, ...
Sustainability 14 (19), 12124 2022

Improvement of integrated watershed management in Indonesia for mitigation and adaptation to climate change: A review
TM Basuki, HYSH Nugroho, Y Indrajaya, IB Pramono, NP Nugroho, ...
Sustainability 14 (16), 9997 2022

Mainstreaming smart agroforestry for social forestry implementation to support sustainable development goals in Indonesia: A review
D Octavia, S Suharti, Murniati, IWS Dharmawan, HYSH Nugroho, ...
Sustainability 14 (15), 9313 2022

Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Partisipatif Di Wilayah Hulu Daerah Aliran Sungai Bialo, Sulawesi Selatan (Participatory Water Resources Management in the Bialo Upstream Watershed
MK Sallata, HYSH Nugroho
Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (Journal of Watershed 2022

Toward water, energy, and food security in rural Indonesia: A review
HYSH Nugroho, DR Indrawati, N Wahyuningrum, RN Adi, AB Supangat, ...
Water 14 (10), 1645 2022

Tropical forest landscape restoration in Indonesia: A review
Y Indrajaya, TW Yuwati, S Lestari, B Winarno, BH Narendra, ...
Land 11 (3), 328 2022

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

Restoration of degraded tropical peatland in Indonesia: A review
TW Yuwati, D Rachmanadi, Pratiwi, M Turjaman, Y Indrajaya, ...
Land 10 (11), 1170 2021
Citations: 66

A review on sustainability of watershed management in Indonesia
BH Narendra, CA Siregar, IWS Dharmawan, A Sukmana, Pratiwi, ...
Sustainability 13 (19), 11125 2021
Citations: 61

Forty Years of Soil and Water Conservation Policy, Implementation, Research and Development in Indonesia: A Review
H Nugroho, TM Basuki, IB Pramono, E Savitri
Indrawati, DR 2015
Citations: 52

Agroforestry as policy option for forest-zone oil palm production in Indonesia
E Purwanto, H Santoso, I Jelsma, A Widayati, HYSH Nugroho, ...
Land 9 (12), 531 2020
Citations: 46

Tropical forest landscape restoration in Indonesia: A review
Y Indrajaya, TW Yuwati, S Lestari, B Winarno, BH Narendra, ...
Land 11 (3), 328 2022
Citations: 45

Expansion of traditional land-use and deforestation: a case study of an adat forest in the Kandilo Subwatershed, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
HYSH Nugroho, A van der Veen, AK Skidmore, YA Hussin
Journal of forestry research 29, 495-513 2018
Citations: 39

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH)
HYSH Nugroho, MK Sallata
Andi Offset 2015
Citations: 37

Mainstreaming ecosystem services from Indonesia’s remaining forests
HYSH Nugroho, F Nurfatriani, Y Indrajaya, TW Yuwati, S Ekawati, ...
Sustainability 14 (19), 12124 2022
Citations: 34

Toward water, energy, and food security in rural Indonesia: A review
HYSH Nugroho, DR Indrawati, N Wahyuningrum, RN Adi, AB Supangat, ...
Water 14 (10), 1645 2022
Citations: 26

Theoretical framework for spatial planning and forest management in Indonesia: securing the basic rights for adat people
HYSH Nugroho, A van der Veen, A Skidmore, YA Hussin
Indonesian journal of forestry research 4 (1), 68-83 2017
Citations: 15

Agroforestry as policy option for forest-zone oil palm production in Indonesia. Land 9 (12), 531
E Purwanto, H Santoso, I Jelsma, A Widayati, H Nugroho, ...
2020
Citations: 12

Sihkabuden.(2017). Video Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning
INS Degeng, YS Nugroho
Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan 2 (3), 416-423
Citations: 10

Analisis Debit Aliran Das Mikro dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya
HYSH Nugroho
Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 4 (1), 23-34 2015
Citations: 9

& Simarmata, DP (2022)
TM Basuki, H Nugroho, Y Indrajaya, IB Pramono, NP Nugroho, ...
Improvement of integrated watershed management in Indonesia for mitigation
Citations: 9