Dr. Main Naser Alolayyan
@just.edu.jo
Faculty of Medicine, Health Management and Policy Department
Jordan University of Science and Technology
Biography
Main Naser Alolayyan, Ph.D , is a management professional and an academic in the field of Operations, Health Information Technology and Quality Management, and Human Resource Management with a focus on the Health Services Management sector. His 15 years of teaching and management experience in the field of Health Services Management include a tenure as the Head of the Health Services Management Department at Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi – UAE and Jordan.
Currently working as Assistant Professor in Health Management and Policy in Jordan University of Science and Technology- Faculity of medicin.
EDUCATION
Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D - Health Management - Quality Management and Productivity Improvement (In the Health Sector)
National University of Malaysia (UKM) | Malaysia | 2012 |
(university ranking = 12 thBRICS & Emerging Economies 2020, 42 (Asia(
(QS World University Rankings® 2020) (160)(From the best 200 in the world
Master of Science | Health Services Management
Yarmouk University of Jordan (in cooperation with the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI) | 2006 |
Bachelor of Science in Medical and Health Technology,
Baghdad University |2002 | Baghdad - Iraq
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Research Interest: Mandatory
- Health Operation Strategy
- Service Operations
- Health Quality Management
- Human Recourse Management
- Operational Flexibility
- Service Quality
- Lean Service and 6 Sigma
- Total Quality Management
- Performance Measurement
- Knowledge Management in Health Sector
- SPSS and Structural Equation Modeling
Email: mnalolayyan@
Contact Number: 0096227201000 - Ext : 23692
FUTURE PROJECTS
Advanced mathmatical model to analysis the relationships between input and output
Applications Invited
New concept for supply chain in medical sector
Applications Invited
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Heba H. Hijazi, Main N. Alolayyan, Rabah M. Al Abdi, Ahmed Hossain, Victoria Fallon, and Sergio A. Silverio
Wiley
AbstractObjectiveThe English‐language Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) is a valid, reliable measure for postpartum anxiety (PPA), but its 51‐item length is a limitation. Consequently, the PSAS Working Group developed the PSAS Research Short‐Form (PSAS‐RSF), a statistically robust 16‐item tool that effectively assesses PPA. This study aimed to assess and validate the reliability of an Arabic‐language version of the PSAS‐RSF in Jordan (PSAS‐JO‐RSF).MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional methodological design, a sample of Arabic‐speaking mothers (N = 391) with infants aged up to 6 months were recruited via convenience sampling from a prominent tertiary hospital in northern Jordan. Factor analysis, composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), McDonald's ω, and inter‐item correlation measures were all examined.ResultsExplanatory factor analysis revealed a four‐factor model consistent with the English‐language version of the PSAS‐RSF, explaining a cumulative variance of 61.5%. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the good fit of the PSAS‐JO‐RSF (χ2/df = 1.48, CFI = 0.974, TLI = 0.968, RMSEA = 0.039, SRMR = 0.019, p < 0.001). The four factors demonstrated acceptable to good reliability, with McDonald's ω ranging from 0.778 to 0.805, with 0.702 for the overall scale. The CR and AVE results supported the validity and reliability of the PSAS‐JO‐RSF.ConclusionThis study establishes an Arabic‐language version of the PSAS‐JO‐RSF as a valid and reliable scale for screening postpartum anxieties in Jordan.
Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad, Main Naser Alolayyan, Khaleel Ibrahim Al- Daoud, Yara Mahmoud Al Nammas, Asokan Vasudevan, and Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad
Creative Publishing House
The study highlights that low health literacy is a serious global health threat, causing health problem denial, poor communication with healthcare providers, and widening disparities. It aims to investigate how income, education, and socio-economic status affect health literacy levels. The study conducted an occasional design using quantitative data. This study was conducted using a structured questionnaire to obtain information from 413 randomly selected Ammani residents The questions were designed to assess the impact of health literacy level. The study's quantitative results show that socio-economic factors are the reasons for the health literacy among Amman residents, based on the 413 sample. Although gender only shows little differences, age, income, and education greatly affect health literacy, with those aged 30-60, higher income earners, and people with higher education levels having better understanding. It is necessary to design health literacy interventions for different demographic groups so as to eliminate the disparities and to get the so desired health outcomes. This study assesses the association between social demographic factors and health literacy in Jordan and found the level of literacy affected by social and economic factors, but in varying proportions for each topic with some recommendations.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Khaleel Ibrahim Al- Daoud, Badrea Al Oraini, Mohammad Faleh Ahmmad Hunitie, Asokan Vasudevan, Peng Luo, and Suleiman Ibrahim Shelash Mohammad
AG Editor (Argentina)
Introduction:The objective of this study is to make active interaction among actual and theoretical outcomes of the view of 100 medical staff and medical supervisors of the university hospital and to study and analyze the effect of important parameters (quality information, employee trust, employee engagement, and management capability) on the hospital performance using the proposed mathematical model. Methods:Primary data were collected from the highest-level medical job position in a hospital (medical doctors, head of the medical department, and medical supervisors). Using convenient sampling, the proposed mathematical model represents the input parameters as information quality, employee trust, employee engagement, and management capability, and output parameters for hospital performance dimensions as output. Results:The identification system depends on the actual outcomes to evaluate the effects of information quality (IQ), employee trust (ET), employee engagement (EM), and management capability (MC) against hospital performance were 60.032%, 43.428%, 78.186%, and 62.817%, respectively. Conclusions:The derived mathematical model has a high accuracy to represent all the active parameters of the system and optimize the conditions to produce high outcomes
Main Naser Alolayyan, Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad, Muhammad Turki Alshurideh, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Abdullah Matar Al-Adamat, Faraj Mazyed Faraj Aldaihani, Abdullah Ibrahim Mohammad, Serien Abualhuda, Ola Mubarak, and Mazen Alzyoud
Springer Nature Switzerland
Main Naser Alolayyan, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad, Muhammad Turki Alshurideh, Abdullah Ibrahim Mohammad, Faraj Mazyed Faraj Aldaihani, Abdullah Matar Al-Adamat, Yasmin Ibrahim Safi, Ruba Mohammad Al-bataineh, and Mazen Alzyoud
Springer Nature Switzerland
Main Naser Alolayyan and Haneen Mahyoub AlFaraj
Informa UK Limited
Suad Azar, Main Naser Alolayyan, and Mohammad Alyahya
Informa UK Limited
Main Naser Alolayyan and Mohammad Sharif Alyahya
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Abstract Background Very limited empirical research has been done on operational flexibility management in the healthcare industry, especially in hospital settings. This study aimed to propose a model of the effects of operational flexibility on hospital performance through management capability and employee engagement as mediating variables. Methods The proposed model is validated through an empirical study among 480 clinical and administrative staff from five hospitals in Jordan. Structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were the main techniques used to validate the model and examine the hypotheses. Results Operational flexibility was demonstrated to have a positively significant impact on hospital performance, management capability, and employee engagement. Employee engagement was demonstrated to positively impact hospital performance. Management capability had a significant result on hospital performance without having a clear impact. In addition, management capability and employee engagement played a major role as partial mediating effects between operational flexibility and hospital performance, and there is a role for employee engagement as a partial mediating effect between management capability and hospital performance. Conclusion Significant progress has been achieved in hospital management, especially in terms of operational flexibility, management capability, and staff engagement.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Mohammad Alyahya, and Salam Momani
SAGE Publications
Background One of today’s most significant organizational priorities, including healthcare organizations, is to improve the quality of work-life (QoWL), which leads to offering high-quality services to patients. Aim The study aimed to explore the effect of the perceived risk of infection and its impact on the quality of work-life (QoWL) on HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 484 healthcare workers. Respondents were recruited using convenience sampling methods. Results : The study findings revealed a better QoWL with a decreased perceived risk of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion Increasing the quality of work life will be reflected in adherence to health protocols, which creates a work environment capable of dealing with challenges, including the risk of infection such as COVID-19.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Bushra Hijazi, and Raneen Atef Jalaileh
SAGE Publications
Background and objective A cross-sectional research, the questionnaire-based study aimed to investigate the association between patient safety culture and patient satisfaction through pharmacist performance, between patient safety culture and pharmacist performance, between pharmacist performance and patient satisfaction, and between patient safety culture and patient satisfaction. Methods Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians working in the community pharmacies evaluated the patient safety culture using an online self-administrated questionnaire filled out by participants. The first research questionnaire was adopted from the agency of healthcare research and quality (AHRQ), which was reliable and valid. Pharmacist performance and patient satisfaction were measured by using an online self-completion questionnaire that patients filled out. To measure performance, a previously validated questionnaire was used. For measuring patient satisfaction, The Patient Satisfaction with Pharmacist Clinical Services Questionnaire the final version (PSPSQ 2.0) was used. A total of 204 pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and 204 patients constitute the research sample. Results The results showed that there is a significant association between the patient safety culture and the pharmacist's performance; an insignificant association between the patient safety culture and patient satisfaction; a significant association between the pharmacist’s performance and patient satisfaction; and a pharmacist’s performance mediates the relationship between patient safety culture and patient satisfaction. Conclusion The pharmacy sector may effectively reinforce patient safety culture in community pharmacies and enhance pharmacists’ performance to improve the quality of care and increase patient satisfaction.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Farid T Nusairat, Serien A Abualhuda, and Suad Azar
BMJ
BackgroundNurses’ turnover has remained a concern in the healthcare sector worldwide. Nurse managers should adopt appropriate leadership styles that promote a positive working environment. The literature revealed that effective leadership styles have lower turnover rates and higher job satisfaction among nurses in healthcare settings.AimThis research aims to investigate whether a direct association exists between servant leadership and nurse turnover in public and private hospitals. While conventional leadership prioritises organisational success, servant leadership works on employee empowerment, growth and engagement, to secure success and trust among healthcare workers.MethodA quantitative, cross-sectional study has been performed among 400 nurses from private and public hospitals in the northern parts of Jordan. A self-administered written survey was administered to those nurses in their departments. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using was used to analyse the data.ResultsFindings revealed that servant leadership had a negative direct impact on nurse turnover intention. Servant leadership prioritises employee empowerment of nurses in their workplaces.ConclusionHealthcare agencies and healthcare professional organisations could use the study findings to understand better what influences nurses’ decisions and behaviours and what causes them to resign. Further findings of this study may assist nurse managers in developing appropriate retention strategies and reducing the likelihood of nurses resigning.
Mohammad S. Alyahya, Salam Momani, Main Naser Alolayyan, and Yousef S. Khader
IOS Press
BACKGROUND: Many healthcare organizations place a high value on quality of work-life (QoWL). The healthcare system’s long-term sustainability and capability to offer high-quality services to patients depend on improving QoWL for their healthcare workers. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the impact of Jordanian hospitals’ workplace policies and measures in three main domains: (I) Infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, (II) Supply of personal protective equipment (PPE), and (III) COVID-19 precautionary measures on the QoWL among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to June 2021 through an online self-reported questionnaire (Google Form) targeting hospital healthcare professionals working at Jordanian hospitals (public, private, military, and university). The study used a valid work-related quality of life (WRQoL) scale to study the QoWL. RESULTS: A total of 484 HCWs in Jordanian hospitals participated in the study with a mean age of (34.8 ± 8.28 years). 57.6% of the respondents were females. 66.1% were married, with 61.6% having children at home. An average QoWL among healthcare workers in Jordanian hospitals during the pandemic was observed. The study results also showed a significant positive correlation between workplace policies (IPC measures, supply of PPE, and COVID-19 preventive measures) and the WRQoL among healthcare workers. CONCLUSION: Our findings highlighted the vital need for QoWL and psychological well-being support services for healthcare staff during pandemics. Improved IPC systems and other precautionary measures at the national and hospital management levels are required to help minimize the stress and fear that healthcare workers experience and lower the risk of COVID-19 and future pandemics.
Emad Adel Shdaifat, Main Naser Alolayyan, Ahrjaynes Balanag Rosario, and Najla Mohd Al Ansari
Inderscience Publishers
Yahia Salim Melhem, Isra Ali Hamad BanyHani, Fatima Lahcen Yachou Aityassine, Abdullah Matar Al-Adamat, Main Naser Alolayyan, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Ayat Mohammad, Menahi Mosallam Alqahtani, and Muhammad Turki Alshurideh
Springer International Publishing
Ali Zakariya Al-Quran, Raed Ismael Ababneh, Mohammad Hamzeh Hassan Al-Safadi, Mohammed saleem khlif Alshura, Mohammad Mousa Eldahamsheh, Majed Kamel Ali Al-Azzam, Main Naser Alolayyan, Muhammad Turki Alshurideh, and Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary
Springer International Publishing
Mohammad Mousa Eldahamsheh, Main Naser Alolayyan, Hanan Mohammad Almomani, Ali Zakariya Al-Quran, Fuad N. Al-Shaikh, Mohammed Saleem Khlif Alshura, Menahi Mosallam Alqahtani, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, and Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad
Springer International Publishing
Main Naser Alolayyan, Reham Zuhier Qasim Almomani, Shoroq Haidar Al-Qudah, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad, Kamel Mohammad Al-hawajreh, Raed Ismael Ababneh, Muhammad Turki Alshurideh, and Abdullah Ibrahim Mohammad
Springer International Publishing
Raed Ismael Ababneh, Bashaier Hatem Khasawneh, Reham Zuhier Qasim Almomani, Main Naser Alolayyan, Ziad Mohd Ali Smadi, Hanan Mohammad Almomani, Fatima Lahcen Yachou Aityassine, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, and Dheifallah Ibrahim Mohammad
Springer International Publishing
Ziad Mohd Ali Smadi, Eyass Ahmad AL-Qaisi, Main Naser Alolayyan, Ali Zakariya Al-Quran, Abdullah Matar Al-Adamat, Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad, Muhammad Turki Alshurideh, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, and D. Barween Al Kurdi
Springer International Publishing
Refd Safi Jamil Al-Khasswneh, Ayat Mohammad, Fuad N. Al-Shaikh, Yahia Salim Melhem, Majed Kamel Ali Al-Azzam, Main Naser Alolayyan, Abdullah Matar Al-Adamat, and Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary
Springer International Publishing
Alaa Dalky, Main Alolayyan, Sajeda Abuzaid, and Sawsan Abuhammad
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Abstract Objectives This study was conducted to explore the relationship between the nursing work environment and medical error reporting practices among Jordanian nurses. Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey of 334 participants who were conveniently selected from three types of hospitals (private, teaching and public) in Amman city, Jordan. The data were collected using a standardized questionnaire which was adopted from previous studies and consisted of three main sections including demographics, nursing work environment (The Practice Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index) and medical error reporting practices (incident reporting practice scale). SPSS version 26 was used for data analysis. Key findings The study findings detected a strong positive relationship between the nursing work environment and medical error reporting practices. ‘Nurse’s participation in hospital affairs’ showed the highest impact on medical error reporting practices among nurses. Based on the regression model, the nursing work environment explained 65.1% of variations in nurses’ medical error reporting practices. It was found that medical error reporting practices were statistically different across marital status and hospital type. Conclusions Based on data analysis findings, the nursing work environment was statistically strongly correlated to medical error reporting practices. To improve medical error reporting practices among nurses, decision-makers and hospital administrators should redesign their nursing work environment to create a more positive and favourable work environment.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Mohammad S. Alyahya, Heba Hijazi, and Farah Jehad Ajayneh
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Despite the great efforts of healthcare providers, medical errors are inevitable, and the consequences of these errors may vary from little or no harm (near-miss) to being ultimately fatal to patients. Many taxonomies have been used to classify medical errors. Yet, medical errors can be classified—according to cognitive taxonomy—into: mistakes, slips, and lapses. Because there is no any instrument to measure the cognitive medical errors. The main objective of this study is to develop and validate cognitive medical errors measurement instrument. The study employed a cross-sectional design. A survey was developed based on previous relevant studies. Data was collected from 400 healthcare providers (physicians and registered nurses) using the convenience sampling method, between July and October 2020. The survey assessed healthcare providers' attitudes and perceptions about the cognitive medical errors in three major hospitals. Structural equation modeling was used to validate the cognitive medical errors. The convergent and discriminant validity of the constructs were estimated through average variance extraction (AVE) and shared variance (SV). The study results confirm the proposed cognitive medical errors model, and show that the cognitive medical errors consist of three items (one item for mistakes, one item for slips, and one item for lapses). Practically, this research contributes to enhancing the medical error classification and to understanding of cognitive medical errors in the health sector, also offer validate instrument for cognitive medical errors. Accurate measurement informs interventions and/or policy and practices that can be targeted to reduce medical errors and improving patient safety.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Mohammad Ali Al-Qudah, Mohammad Faleh Ahmmad Hunitie, Iman Akour, Suleiman Alneimat, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, and Muhammad Turki Alshurideh
Growing Science
This paper examines the health operations flexibility dimensions in the United Arab Emirate in the healthcare sector by employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approaches. The study also attempts to determine the numbers for the operational flexibility dimensions which will help the researchers in future find healthcare operational flexibility dimensions valid and reliable. A model consisting of two constructs of operations flexibility structures: external flexibility and internal robustness is examined to measure health operations flexibility elements in service sectors. Respondents are the health leaders (managers, middle manager, top manager and others) who were working in health service sectors in the United Arab Emirate. The underlying constructs of operations flexibility are empirically verified and validated through Reliability Analysis Procedure, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), First and Second Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Construct Validity Procedures, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to test the model, drawing on a sample of 250. The findings revealed that the model of the UAE health service sector consists of two latent's operations flexibility dimensions namely external flexibility and internal robustness, each dimension consisting of four items. Further research should be considered to validate these findings in the other firms. The two dimensions of health operations flexibility represent a valid instrument to measure the operations flexibility in the services sector in the United Arab Emirate. This research is important for one to understand the main topics of health operations flexibility in the health services sector.
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Publications
Main Naser Alolayyan, (2012), TQM and Operational Flexibility impact on Hospital Performance, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing (3 Sep 2012), ISBN-13: 978- 3659220746
Main Naser Alolayyan, Khairul Anuar Mohd Ali, Fazli Idris & Ahmmed Saadi Ibrehem. (2011). Advance Mathematical model to study and analyze the effects of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Operational Flexibility on Hospital Performance. Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 22, (12): 1371- 1393. Thomson ISI Journal Citation Reports 2010 (Impact Factor: 0.387). Ranking: 132/144 (Management). SCOPUS (Q 1).
Main Naser Alolayyan, Khairul Anuar Mohd Ali & Fazli Idris. (2011). The Influence of Total Quality Management (TQM) on Operational Flexibility in Jordanian hospitals: Medical Workers' Perspectives. Asian Journal on Quality 12 (2): 204-222. (Emerald Group).
Main Naser Alolayyan, Khairul Anuar Mohd Ali & Fazli Idris, (2011). The impact of Operational Flexibility on Hospital Performance in Jordanian hospitals: Some Empirical Evidences. Journal of Global Management 1 (2): 39-54.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Khairul Anuar Mohd Ali & Fazli Idris. (2012). ‘The influence of operational flexibility on hospital performance results: a structural equation modelling (SEM) approaches’, International Journal of Services and Operations Management, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 478–497. SCOPUS (Q 2)
Fazli Idris, Nik Mutasim Nik Abd Rahman, Mohd Ezani Mat Hassan, Norsiah Aminudin & Main Naser Alolayyan. (2013). ‘Validating Operations Flexibility Dimensions for Malaysian Service Firms: A Confirmatory Factor Analytics Approach, International Journal of Services and Operations Management, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 79–84. SCOPUS (Q 2)
Main Naser Alolayyan, Khairul Anuar Mohd Ali & Fazli Idris. (2013). ‘Total Quality Management and Operational Flexibility Impact on Hospitals Performance: A Structural Modeling Approach’, International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 212–227. SCOPUS (Q 2)
Khairul Anuar Mohd Ali & Main Naser Alolayyan. (2013). The impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) on the Hospital's Performance: An Empirical Research. International Journal of Services and Operations Management, Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 482–506. SCOPUS (Q 2)
Baha`a Abdul-Hafez Attallah Al-Nady, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Main Naser Alolayyan. (2013). Strategic Management as a key for Superior Competitive advantage of Sanitary Ware Suppliers in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Management & Information Technology Vol. 7, No. 2: pp 1042 – 1058.
Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary; Bahaà Abdul-Hafez Attallah Al-Nady; Main Naser Alolayyan. (2013). Effect of brand name and price on business to business (B2B) success: an empirical study on sample of food hypermarket retailers in Amman city. International Journal of Information and Coding Theory, Vol.2, , – 139.
Baha`a Abdul-Hafez Attallah Al-Nady, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Main Naser Alolayyan. (2016). The role of time, communication, and cost management on project management success an empirical study on sample of construction projects customers in Makkah City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Services and Operations Management,, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 76–112. SCOPUS (Q 2)
Main Naser Alolayyan, AlaEldin Mohammad Hasan Awawdeh. (2016), The Impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) Practice on Patients' Satisfaction through Operational Flexibility, International Educational Scientific Research Journal, Vol. 2 No.7.
Main Naser Alolayyan, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary, Baha`a Abdul-Hafez Attallah Al-Nady, and Anber Shlash Mohammad. (2017) ‘Banking Service Quality Provided by Commercial Banks and Customer Satisfaction. A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approaches ’, Int. J. Productivity and Quality Management, Vol. --, No. --, pp.- (accepted and ready to publish (Coming soon). SCOPUS (Q 2)
Burhan Awad Al Omari, AlaEldin Hasan Awawdeh, Main Naser Fady Alolayyan (2017), Employee Performance & Quality Management in the Tourism Sector Case study of Human Resources Management - Employee Performance Aqaba Hotel- Jordan, Modern Applied Science, Vol. 11, No. 7. SCOPUS (Q 2)
Burhan Awad Al Omari, AlaEldin Hasan Awawdeh, Main Naser Fady Alolayyan (2017), The Importance of Training and its Impact on the Performance of Employee in Banking Sectors of Abu Dhabi, Dubai- UAE to Raise Efficiency: A Field Study on UAE Banks, Modern Applied Science , Vol 11, No. (9) pp. 138 SCOPUS (Q 2)
Jihad Mohammad and Main Naser Alolayyan (2019), User Generated Content Quality in Malaysian Market: A Partial Least Square Approach,
(Q 1)